Directory

1.   
What is a wetland

2.   
Plants in wetlands

3.   
Animals in the wetland

4.   
Functions of Wetlands

5.   
Ramsar Convention

What is a wetland?

A wetland is a distinct ecosystem that is flooded or saturated by water, either permanently (for years or decades) or seasonally (for weeks or months). 

What is a wetland

Is a lake a wetland?

Is a swamp a wetland?

Is shallow a wetland?

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Plants in wetland

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Emergent plant
Emergent plants are tall, erect and straight, colorful, and most of them have stems and leaves. Emergent plant lower or base submerged in water, roots or stems into the mud growth and development of the upper protruding out of the water.

Floating leaf plant
Floating leaf type plants developed rhizomes, large flowers, colorful; Without visible stems or stems that are too thin to stand upright, and their bodies usually store large amounts of gas, allowing the leaves or plants to float on the water in a balanced manner.

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Plants in wetland

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Floating plant
Floating plant roots do not live in mud, plants floating on the surface of the water, drift with the current.

Submerged plant
The roots and stems of submerged plants are born in mud, and the whole plant sinks into water, and the aerenchyma is particularly developed, which is conducive to gas exchange in the environment species with extreme lack of air in water. Most of the leaves are long and narrow or filamentous. All parts of the plant can absorb nutrients from the water, and it can also grow and develop normally under low light conditions under water. However, there are certain requirements on water quality, because water quality will affect its use of low light.

Plants in wetland

Animals in the wetland

Invertebrates, fish, birds, reptiles, amphibians and mammals

Functions of Wetlands

Material production
Wetland has a powerful material production function, it contains rich animal and plant resources.

Atmospheric composition
The rich plant community in the wetland can absorb a large amount of carbon dioxide gas and release oxygen. Some plants in the wetland also have the function of absorbing harmful gases in the air, which can effectively regulate the atmospheric composition. But it must also be noted that wetland habitats also emit methane, ammonia and other greenhouse gases.

Functions of Wetlands

Humidity control
Wetland plays an important role in storing water, regulating river runoff, replenishing groundwater and maintaining regional water balance. It is a natural "sponge" for storing water and flood control. It can distribute uneven precipitation in time and space, and avoid flood and drought disasters by adjusting the huffing and puffing of wetland.

Purification
Marshes act as natural filters. They help slow the flow of water as it passes through them, allowing for the sedimentation and removal of toxins and impurities (pesticides, domestic sewage and industrial discharges). Some wetland plants can effectively absorb toxic substances in the water and purify the water.
Marsh wetland can decompose, purify the environment, play the function of "detoxification", "detoxification", so it is hailed as "the kidney of the earth".

Habitat of animals
The complex and diverse plant communities of wetlands provide a good habitat for wildlife, especially some rare or endangered wildlife.

Ramsar Convention

The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of Ramsar sites (wetlands). It is also known as the Convention on Wetlands. It is named after the city of Ramsar in Iran, where the convention was signed in 1971.