What is Logic?
Logic is a research area that explores the correct way of thinking. The term logic in daily life has a similar meaning. Whether or not something makes sense can vary depending on people and situations.
What is the Proposition?
The judgments that we can make a definite judgment in the form of right or wrong are called proposals. In mathematics we suggest the propositions in small letters such as p, q, r, s, t.
Example: ANKARA, Turkey's capital is expressed in a proposition sturdy?
Solution: This is a proposition because propositions are correct and inaccurate. ANKARA, Turkey's capital dr, we know that. In this case, the above statement is a proposition, and this proposition is correct.
Logic is a research area that explores the correct way of thinking. The term logic in daily life has a similar meaning. Whether or not something makes sense can vary depending on people and situations.
What is the Proposition?
The judgments that we can make a definite judgment in the form of right or wrong are called proposals. In mathematics we suggest the propositions in small letters such as p, q, r, s, t.
Example: ANKARA, Turkey's capital is expressed in a proposition sturdy?
Solution: This is a proposition because propositions are correct and inaccurate. ANKARA, Turkey's capital dr, we know that. In this case, the above statement is a proposition, and this proposition is correct.
Example: Is the statement me Noli evenings Örnek a suggestion? Please refer.
Solution: This statement does not specify any jurisdiction, so there is no suggestion.
The correctness of a proposition for a proposition is true or false. If the suggestion is TRUE, the value of accuracy is indicated by the letter D or the number 1, if the value is FALSE, the value of accuracy is indicated by the letter Y or 0.
We have a proposition p, if this value of p is 1, then we refer to p ≡ 1, and if the value is 0, we refer to p esi 0.
Example: p: Find the accuracy value of ”9 is an odd number”.
Solution: 9 is really an odd number, not friends ... As you know, the numbers divided into 2 and 2 are odd numbers, and when the number is divided by 2, the number is the odd number. In this case, 9 is an odd number because it will give 1 the rest when divided by 2. Well, then we suggest.
Solution: This statement does not specify any jurisdiction, so there is no suggestion.
The correctness of a proposition for a proposition is true or false. If the suggestion is TRUE, the value of accuracy is indicated by the letter D or the number 1, if the value is FALSE, the value of accuracy is indicated by the letter Y or 0.
We have a proposition p, if this value of p is 1, then we refer to p ≡ 1, and if the value is 0, we refer to p esi 0.
Example: p: Find the accuracy value of ”9 is an odd number”.
Solution: 9 is really an odd number, not friends ... As you know, the numbers divided into 2 and 2 are odd numbers, and when the number is divided by 2, the number is the odd number. In this case, 9 is an odd number because it will give 1 the rest when divided by 2. Well, then we suggest.
Example: incel One month is thirty-six days. Bir His judgment is a suggestion, please check his accuracy.
Solution: This is a proposition because we can easily test its accuracy or inaccuracy. On the other hand this proposition is wrong, because it is not a month thirty six days. One month sometimes 30 sometimes 31 sometimes 28 days.
Example: me The most beautiful color is red.. Is his judgment a suggestion? Examine the accuracy status.
Solution: Dear friend, this statement is not a suggestion. Because the most beautiful color is red may vary according to the person, according to me the most beautiful color can be magenta for you while yellow. Therefore, this statement is certainly not a suggestion.
Solution: This is a proposition because we can easily test its accuracy or inaccuracy. On the other hand this proposition is wrong, because it is not a month thirty six days. One month sometimes 30 sometimes 31 sometimes 28 days.
Example: me The most beautiful color is red.. Is his judgment a suggestion? Examine the accuracy status.
Solution: Dear friend, this statement is not a suggestion. Because the most beautiful color is red may vary according to the person, according to me the most beautiful color can be magenta for you while yellow. Therefore, this statement is certainly not a suggestion.
How should we show that? p göster 1. In other words, p is equivalent to 1 or p is the value of 1 is read as the value.
Example: q: Find the accuracy value of the proposition ini The inner angle of the triangle is 450 ed.
Solution: The inner angles of the triangle are 180 degrees, not 450 degrees. This proposition is incorrect, so the value should be 0. We can say q bilir 0.
In this way we can multiply the samples, I think you understand the logic of the propositions. In fact, a very simple matter, you can only solve the work by reading these propositions and logic lecture notes.
IMPORTANT NOTE: Accuracy values are equivalent to two propositions that are the same. If p is equivalent to q, p “q is indicated by p p esi q ön if p is not equivalent to p suggestion q.
Showing the Propositions in the Table of Truth
The accuracy values of the propositions can be shown in a more beautiful way with the help of a table. Tables prepared in this way are called truth tables.
Example: Let's do the truth table of proposition p.
Example: q: Find the accuracy value of the proposition ini The inner angle of the triangle is 450 ed.
Solution: The inner angles of the triangle are 180 degrees, not 450 degrees. This proposition is incorrect, so the value should be 0. We can say q bilir 0.
In this way we can multiply the samples, I think you understand the logic of the propositions. In fact, a very simple matter, you can only solve the work by reading these propositions and logic lecture notes.
IMPORTANT NOTE: Accuracy values are equivalent to two propositions that are the same. If p is equivalent to q, p “q is indicated by p p esi q ön if p is not equivalent to p suggestion q.
Showing the Propositions in the Table of Truth
The accuracy values of the propositions can be shown in a more beautiful way with the help of a table. Tables prepared in this way are called truth tables.
Example: Let's do the truth table of proposition p.
Example: Is the statement me Noli evenings Örnek a suggestion? Please refer.
Solution: This statement does not specify any jurisdiction, so there is no suggestion.
The correctness of a proposition for a proposition is true or false. If the suggestion is TRUE, the value of accuracy is indicated by the letter D or the number 1, if the value is FALSE, the value of accuracy is indicated by the letter Y or 0.
We have a proposition p, if this value of p is 1, then we refer to p ≡ 1, and if the value is 0, we refer to p esi 0.
Example: p: Find the accuracy value of ”9 is an odd number”.
Solution: 9 is really an odd number, not friends ... As you know, the numbers divided into 2 and 2 are odd numbers, and when the number is divided by 2, the number is the odd number. In this case, 9 is an odd number because it will give 1 the rest when divided by 2. Well, then we suggest.
Solution: This statement does not specify any jurisdiction, so there is no suggestion.
The correctness of a proposition for a proposition is true or false. If the suggestion is TRUE, the value of accuracy is indicated by the letter D or the number 1, if the value is FALSE, the value of accuracy is indicated by the letter Y or 0.
We have a proposition p, if this value of p is 1, then we refer to p ≡ 1, and if the value is 0, we refer to p esi 0.
Example: p: Find the accuracy value of ”9 is an odd number”.
Solution: 9 is really an odd number, not friends ... As you know, the numbers divided into 2 and 2 are odd numbers, and when the number is divided by 2, the number is the odd number. In this case, 9 is an odd number because it will give 1 the rest when divided by 2. Well, then we suggest.
How should we show that? p göster 1. In other words, p is equivalent to 1 or p is the value of 1 is read as the value.
Example: q: Find the accuracy value of the proposition ini The inner angle of the triangle is 450 ed.
Solution: The inner angles of the triangle are 180 degrees, not 450 degrees. This proposition is incorrect, so the value should be 0. We can say q bilir 0.
In this way we can multiply the samples, I think you understand the logic of the propositions. In fact, a very simple matter, you can only solve the work by reading these propositions and logic lecture notes.
IMPORTANT NOTE: Accuracy values are equivalent to two propositions that are the same. If p is equivalent to q, p “q is indicated by p p esi q ön if p is not equivalent to p suggestion q.
Showing the Propositions in the Table of Truth
The accuracy values of the propositions can be shown in a more beautiful way with the help of a table. Tables prepared in this way are called truth tables.
Example: Let's do the truth table of proposition p.
Example: q: Find the accuracy value of the proposition ini The inner angle of the triangle is 450 ed.
Solution: The inner angles of the triangle are 180 degrees, not 450 degrees. This proposition is incorrect, so the value should be 0. We can say q bilir 0.
In this way we can multiply the samples, I think you understand the logic of the propositions. In fact, a very simple matter, you can only solve the work by reading these propositions and logic lecture notes.
IMPORTANT NOTE: Accuracy values are equivalent to two propositions that are the same. If p is equivalent to q, p “q is indicated by p p esi q ön if p is not equivalent to p suggestion q.
Showing the Propositions in the Table of Truth
The accuracy values of the propositions can be shown in a more beautiful way with the help of a table. Tables prepared in this way are called truth tables.
Example: Let's do the truth table of proposition p.
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Dear friends, here we have 3 different suggestions, our table should be 2x2x2 = 2 ^ 3 (two more than three) = 8.Loading...
According to the truth table above, there are two conditions of p proposition. p suggestion may be correct, p suggestion may be incorrect.Example: Let's make the truth table of p and q propositions.
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Let's explain the truth table above.can be q when p is 1
can be q when p is 1
can be q when p is 0
q can be 0 when p is 0
Example: Let's create the truth table for the p, q and r propositions.
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Dear friends, here we have 3 different suggestions, our table should be 2x2x2 = 2 ^ 3 (two more than three) = 8.Loading...
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Example: Let's find out how many different positions of 5 different propositions are against each other.Solution: 5 out of 5 different propositions 2 to 5, ie 2 ^ 5 = 32 different situations will occur, so the truth table should have 5 columns and 32 rows.
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Finding a Proposal (Making a Negative Proposal)It is very easy to make notions of propositions, regardless of the value of the proposition, we can easily create this by not simply replacing it.
For example, p is not a proposition p erm, p is a value of 1, in this case
p tır will be 1, if we take the value of p, then p eğer tır will be 0. That is, if p is 0 and 0, it is 1. It's actually quite simple logic, right?
Another point you will encounter is not to take the value of the proposition, in this case the final version of the proposition will be obtained. So, if the value of p is 1, then if we take the value of the value is 0, 1 again if we take the not, so we returned to the original state, again we get the p statement, would not we?
(p ’)’ ’p
In the above expression, p is not obtained but not p again. Now let's take a look at the truth table.
Another point you will encounter is not to take the value of the proposition, in this case the final version of the proposition will be obtained. So, if the value of p is 1, then if we take the value of the value is 0, 1 again if we take the not, so we returned to the original state, again we get the p statement, would not we?
(p ’)’ ’p
In the above expression, p is not obtained but not p again. Now let's take a look at the truth table.
You can read this clearly by looking at the truth table below.
1. Single Force Specification of VE Connector
For each proposition p ∧ p. P. That is to say, p is the initial value of value p as a result of AND with the proposition itself. We can see this more clearly by looking at the truth table below.
For each proposition p ∧ p. P. That is to say, p is the initial value of value p as a result of AND with the proposition itself. We can see this more clearly by looking at the truth table below.
Compound Propositions
The combination of more than one proposition and, or, but only with, but not limited to, conjugates, is called the compound proposition. It is also very easy to understand and manipulate composite propositions.
The combination of more than one proposition and, or, but only with, but not limited to, conjugates, is called the compound proposition. It is also very easy to understand and manipulate composite propositions.
1) Composite Propositions with VE Connector
Dear friends, the two propositions connected with the VE connector are shown as follows: p şu q and this expression is read as p and q.
If the value of both propositions is 1, p durum q is 1, in all other cases p de q will be 0.
In other words, in order to explain the value of p için q, the value of both p and q should be 1. If one of p or q is zero, then p durum q will be 0 in this case.
Dear friends, the two propositions connected with the VE connector are shown as follows: p şu q and this expression is read as p and q.
If the value of both propositions is 1, p durum q is 1, in all other cases p de q will be 0.
In other words, in order to explain the value of p için q, the value of both p and q should be 1. If one of p or q is zero, then p durum q will be 0 in this case.
As you can see from the table above, the value of p is 1, p eğer p is equal to 1, p is equal to p, if p is 0, then p p p is equal to 0.
2. VE Connector Has Variability
Every p ud q söz q değişme p is a change. Changing the order does not change the result.
2. VE Connector Has Variability
Every p ud q söz q değişme p is a change. Changing the order does not change the result.
You can read this clearly by looking at the truth table below.
1. Single Force Specification of VE Connector
For each proposition p ∧ p. P. That is to say, p is the initial value of value p as a result of AND with the proposition itself. We can see this more clearly by looking at the truth table below.
For each proposition p ∧ p. P. That is to say, p is the initial value of value p as a result of AND with the proposition itself. We can see this more clearly by looking at the truth table below.
As you can see from the table above, the value of p is 1, p eğer p is equal to 1, p is equal to p, if p is 0, then p p p is equal to 0.
2. VE Connector Has Variability
Every p ud q söz q değişme p is a change. Changing the order does not change the result.
2. VE Connector Has Variability
Every p ud q söz q değişme p is a change. Changing the order does not change the result.
Or Compound Propositions Created with Connector
Let us have two different propositions, p and q. If the value of any of these propositions is 1, then the value of p or q will be 1. Only one of the propositions is sufficient for the result of OR to be 1. The representation is known as p ol q, where ir or the connector will be. Let's look at the truth table below
Let us have two different propositions, p and q. If the value of any of these propositions is 1, then the value of p or q will be 1. Only one of the propositions is sufficient for the result of OR to be 1. The representation is known as p ol q, where ir or the connector will be. Let's look at the truth table below
3. And the Connector has the junction feature
When you review the truth table below, you can see the merger property of the VE connector.
When you review the truth table below, you can see the merger property of the VE connector.
Pay attention to the above table, in fact, if the value of at least one of p and q is 1, then the value of p e q is equal to 1, and the other is equal to 0 if both are zero.
Or Let's look at the properties of the connector,
1) Or The Single Force Feature Of Connector
Or p ∨ p p ≡ p for the connector.
Or Let's look at the properties of the connector,
1) Or The Single Force Feature Of Connector
Or p ∨ p p ≡ p for the connector.
Or Compound Propositions Created with Connector
Let us have two different propositions, p and q. If the value of any of these propositions is 1, then the value of p or q will be 1. Only one of the propositions is sufficient for the result of OR to be 1. The representation is known as p ol q, where ir or the connector will be. Let's look at the truth table below
Let us have two different propositions, p and q. If the value of any of these propositions is 1, then the value of p or q will be 1. Only one of the propositions is sufficient for the result of OR to be 1. The representation is known as p ol q, where ir or the connector will be. Let's look at the truth table below
Pay attention to the above table, in fact, if the value of at least one of p and q is 1, then the value of p e q is equal to 1, and the other is equal to 0 if both are zero.
Or Let's look at the properties of the connector,
1) Or The Single Force Feature Of Connector
Or p ∨ p p ≡ p for the connector.
Or Let's look at the properties of the connector,
1) Or The Single Force Feature Of Connector
Or p ∨ p p ≡ p for the connector.
2) Or Replacement of Connector
Or the change in the position of the proposer does not change the result.
Or the change in the position of the proposer does not change the result.
De Morgan Rules
We can also solve the simplification and abbreviation questions in the exams and written questions by using organ rules. De Morgan's rules are as follows.
We can also solve the simplification and abbreviation questions in the exams and written questions by using organ rules. De Morgan's rules are as follows.
Or Compound Propositions Formed with Linker
p or q is the compound proposal, and is shown in p inin q format. p esi q compound proposition; p is true with one of the q propositions while one is true, in all other cases it is incorrect. For the p and q propositions, the table of truth values for p tab q is as follows.
p or q is the compound proposal, and is shown in p inin q format. p esi q compound proposition; p is true with one of the q propositions while one is true, in all other cases it is incorrect. For the p and q propositions, the table of truth values for p tab q is as follows.
3) Or Joint Connectivity
Or you can see this from the table below, where the merger feature is also available.
Or you can see this from the table below, where the merger feature is also available.
There is also the ability to change or merge, but not to force.
Compositions Proposed with Linker
p and q are the conditional proposition, and p is shown in p ⇒ q format.
Compositions Proposed with Linker
p and q are the conditional proposition, and p is shown in p ⇒ q format.