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The Battle of Britain is the name given to air attack over Britain by the German Luftwaffe during the summer and autumn of 1940. The name derives from a speech made on 18 June 1940 in the House of Commons by Prime Minister Winston Churchill, "The Battle of France is over. I expect the Battle of Britain is about to begin..."

After World War One ended in 1918, Germany had to give up land and was banned from having armed forces.

In 1933 the German people voted for a leader named Adolf Hitler, who led a political party in Germany called the National Socialists or Nazis. Hitler promised to make his country great again and quickly began to arm Germany again and to seize land from other countries.

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The heavy and frequent bombing attacks on London and other cities was known as the 'Blitz'. Night after night, from September 1940 until May 1941, German bombers attacked British cities, ports and industrial areas.

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These shelters were half buried in the ground with earth heaped on top to protect them from bomb blasts.

Schoolchildren (827,000) and their teachers Mothers with children under five (524,000) Pregnant women (12,000) Some disabled people

To make the British weak, the Germans tried to cut off supplies of food and other goods. German submarines attacked many of the ships that brought food to Britain.

The Ration Book became the key to survival for nearly every household in Britain. Every member of the public was issued with a ration book.

World War 2 ended with the unconditional surrender of the Axis powers.

On 8 May 1945, the Allies accepted Germany’s surrender, about a week after Adolf Hitler had committed suicide.

WWII

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