The ecosystem of my village 4ºA

Definitions:

Ecosystem: it is a community or group of living organisms that live in and interact with each other in a specific environment.

Biotope: it is a portion of a habitat characterized by uniformity in climate and distribution of biotic and abiotic components, as a tidal pool or a forest canopy.

Biocenosis: a self-sufficient community of naturally occurring organisms occupying and interacting within a specific biotope.

Habitat: it is the place or environment where a plant or animal naturally or normally lives and grows.

Average temperature: During the course of the year, the temperature generally varies from 3 °C to 33 °C and rarely drops below -2 °C or rises above 37 °C.

Average precipitations per year: La Puebla de Alfindén is 187 metres above sea level. ... According to Köppen and Geiger climate is classified as BSk. The temperature here is on average 15.5 °C. The precipitation is 408 mm per year.

Description of biotope: In terms of agricultural resources, the municipality is similar to neighbouring municipalities in terms of soil and crops. However, its industrial development has led to an increase in the industrial workforce, to the detriment of the agricultural workforce. In the last 20 years, the industrial workforce has risen from 30% to 80% and is likely to continue to increase.

BIOTIC FACTORS:

The European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), is a species of rabbit native to the Iberian Peninsula. It is characterised by a body covered with thick, woolly, pale brown to grey fur, an oval head and large eyes. It weighs between 1.5 and 2.5 kg in the wild. It has long ears of up to 7 cm which help regulate body temperature and a very short tail. Its front legs are shorter than its hind legs. It measures 34 to 50 cm in gentle conditions, even more in domestic meat breeds. All these characteristics possessed by this species in the wild may vary significantly according to the breed.
It lives in dry areas close to sea level with soft sandy soil to facilitate the construction of burrows.
burrows. They inhabit forests, although they prefer large fields covered by bushes where they can hide. In the past, they were also common on arable land
although new ploughing methods include the destruction of rabbit burrows. Despite this, this species has adapted to human activity by living in parks, grassy fields or even cemeteries. They are sometimes found in agricultural crops where they feed on lettuce, grains or roots that were intended for human consumption.

The sheep (Ovis orientalis aries) is a domestic ungulate quadrupedal mammal, used as livestock. Like all ruminants, sheep are artiodactyla, or hoofed animals. Although the term "sheep" is applied to many species of the genus Ovis, it generally refers to the domestic subspecies of Ovis orientalis.
Sheep are relatively small ruminants, usually with a curly coat called wool and often with spiral-shaped side horns. Their height and weight vary depending on the breed. The rate of growth and their adult weight is an inherited trait and they are often selected for in breeding. Females usually weigh between 45 and 100 kg and males between 45 and 160 kg.
Sheep are exclusively herbivorous mammals. Most breeds prefer to eat grasses and other short-fibre plants, avoiding the higher woody parts of plants.

The prickly saltwort or prickly glasswort (Kali turgidum), among other names, is an annual plant of the Amaranthaceae family, which grows in sandy soils all over the world. Due to its very high sodium content (up to 6 % of solid matter), its ashes used to be used in the production of glass and in the manufacture of soda.
The plant is erect and grows up to one metre in height; it is highly branched from the base, the branches curving towards the stem, giving it a globular appearance. The branches are tender and green when young; with age they show coloured nodes with vertical purple striations on the internodes, and a marked hardening. The leaves are cylindrical, slightly larger at the base, alternate and with a spiny apex.
A species of Eurasian origin, it is distributed in Europe, Asia and North Africa, naturalised in North America. It prefers dry, saline soils and is able to withstand wide variations in pH and climate, being found from the Russian steppe to tropical areas. It is considered a weed and is actively combated.
It inhabits dry and desert areas; fallows, disturbed soils, roadsides, sandy shorelines.

The white mulberry (Morus alba) is a tree species belonging to the genus Morus, family Moraceae.
Trees up to 15 m high, with greyish young branches. Leaves with petiole 1.5-2 cm and blade 4-6 by 4-5 cm, more or less ovate, subacute, irregularly toothed or lobed, obliquely cordate, slender, glabrous except along the veins, light green. Infrutescences (sorosis) as long as their peduncles (2.5 by 1 cm), white or pinkish-white, which are the blackberries.
The species is cultivated for its leaves, the only food for silkworms, whose cocoons are used to make silk.
These trees are native to the temperate zones of Central and East Asia (China, Manchuria and Korea) and are widely cultivated in Asia, Europe and America.

The butterfly or silkworm (Bombyx mori) is a species of lepidopteran insect in the family Bombycidae.
The larva is up to 8 cm long; the twelve segments into which it is structured are clearly visible, the grey hatching colour turning either white or light yellow or white with black bands separating the segments.
The female butterfly expels orange to brown coloured internal fluid. Males are slightly smaller and move much more than females; they also have more streamlined abdomens and larger wings, although it is very rare for either of them to take flight.

The wild poppy (Papaver rhoeas), is a phanerogamous species of the genus Papaver, belonging to the family Papaveraceae (Papaveraceae).
It is an annual plant that can reach more than 50 cm in height. It has erect, slightly branched stems with fine hairs. The leaves, which are borne alternately along the stem, without petioles, are pinnate and very toothed on the margins with a single central rib. The flowers, deep scarlet in colour, bell-shaped and almost spherical, have four fine petals and two hairy sepals. The petals are very delicate and fade quickly, so the flowers cannot be used in floral ornaments. The black stamens form a ringed cluster around the gynoecium, giving it the appearance of a black button. The fruit is a unilocular capsule with false septa, pale green, oval/subglobose in shape, truncated by a kind of lid at the top (disc) with 8-18 rays and with numerous inframillimetric seeds, which escape through pores below the upper disc (poricidal dehiscence). As in all species of the genus, the tiny seeds are kidney-shaped, honeycombed with a polygonal reticulum and brownish in colour. They flower from early to late spring. They do not withstand hot climates and humidity.

The bees, Anthophylls (Anthophila, gr. 'flower-loving'), are a clade of hymenopteran insects, not placed in taxonomic category, within the superfamily Apoidea.
Bees are distinguished from apoid wasps by the setae or hairs covering their bodies, which, in the case of bees, are feathery and branched. The females of most bees have pollen-carrying organs, called scopae or corbiculae, usually on the hind legs or on the ventral region of the abdomen. There are also differences in the distribution of the hindwing veins. In females, the seventh dorsal abdominal lamina is subdivided in two.
The ethologist Karl von Frisch studied the navigation of the domestic bee. He showed that bees communicate by means of the bee dance, in which a worker bee indicates the location of a food source. He showed that bees can orient themselves in three different ways: by the sun, by the polarisation of light rays and by the earth's magnetic field. He showed that they prefer the information provided by the sun. They use the other mechanisms when the sky is cloudy. The dance takes two forms: a circular one if the food source is less than fifty metres away, and a figure of eight, which indicates the direction if the food is further away.