Digital magazine March 2023

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In English we say that March comes in like a lion and leaves like a lamb. Italians add a twist: "Marzo pazzerello (crazy March) arriva da leone e se ne va come un agnello." Marzo&nbsp;(named for Mars, the god of war) has always had a reputation for being&nbsp;pazzo&nbsp;(crazy). Someone who seems unpredictable and impulsive is said to be&nbsp;nato di marzo&nbsp;(born in March).&nbsp;Sole di marzo, onda di mare, pianto di donna: non ti fidare,&nbsp;Italians caution. (March sun, ocean wave, woman’s crying: don't trust any of them)<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Caesar">Julius Caesar</a>&nbsp;would have been wise to trust a fortune teller who warned that harm could come to him no later than March 15. On that day, as he made his way to the Teatro di Pompeo, where he would be assassinated, Caesar passed the seer and joked, "The ides of March have come."&nbsp;The seer replied, "But not gone.”◾

People around Ireland celebrate St. Patrick’s Day because he is the patron saint of the country. There are parades in most towns and villages. A week-long St. Patrick’s festival takes place in Dublin. It includes a firework display, open-air music, and a traditional parade. St. Patrick’s Day parades in Ireland started in the late 19th century. Green is the colour of Ireland. Some people say that you can find 40 shades of green in the Irish countryside. On St. Patrick’s Day many people wear a bunch of shamrocks on their lapels or caps. In the past, girls also wore green ribbons in their hair. St. Patrick’s Day is not a national holiday in the United States but it is a special day. The first celebrations of St. Patrick’s Day in the American colonies took place in Boston in 1737. In New York City, people celebrated this festival in 1756. Today the New York parade is the largest parade in the world. Why do so many Americans celebrate St. Patrick’s Day? Because many Americans have Irish origins. In the 1840s many people from Ireland emigrated to the United States because they did not have enough food. Today, the Irish people in the US remember their country.

Saint Patrick's day celebration ESL/ESOL A1 A2 video

Chicago River goes green for 2023 St. Patrick's Day celebrations

Why Do You Get Pinched on St. Patrick’s Day?

According to folklore, you get pinched on St. Patrick's Day for not wearing green because green makes you invisible to leprechauns. Leprechauns like to pinch people (because they can!)

Is It St. Patty or St. Paddy? “Paddy” is the casual form of the traditional Irish-Gaelic name Padraic or Pádraig, and its later English variation, Patrick. “Patty,” on the other hand, is traditionally used as a nickname for the female name, Patricia. In the Irish vernacular, “Paddy” has been used as an affectionate nickname. But it has also been used in other countries as a not-so-flattering slang term for an Irish person (as in “paddywagon” and “paddywhack”). Perhaps that may partially explain why some shifted away from using it, opting instead for the “Patty” alternative, which is more commonly found in English cultures.

MADNESS MARCH! INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S DAY ST DAVID'S DAY

Emily Dickinson, "A Light Exists in Spring" A Light exists in Spring Not present on the Year At any other period – When March is scarcely here A Color stands abroad On Solitary Fields That Science cannot overtake But Human Nature feels…

...full of the joys of spring and waiting for Easter time!

Shakespeare immortalized the phrase, "Beware the Ides of March” (Attenti alle Idi di Marzo),&nbsp;but everyone may need to beware of March weather. “Arriva marzo pazzerello”&nbsp;Italians say, “Esce il sole e prendi l’ombrello!” (Here comes crazy March; the sun comes out, and you grab your umbrella!) On some March days&nbsp;piove&nbsp;(it rains). On others&nbsp;fa freddo&nbsp;(it’s cold). How cold? “Il freddo di marzo penetra nel corno del bue,” the saying goes. (The cold of March pierces the ox’s horns—or more colloquially, when it’s cold in March, you freeze your bum off.) Another proverb offers some comfort:&nbsp;Non c'è marzo così bello senza neve sul cappello.&nbsp;(March is not so beautiful without snow on your hat). According to folklore, the last three days of March are called&nbsp;i giorni della vecchia&nbsp;(the old lady's days) or&nbsp;giorni imprestati&nbsp;(borrowed days). Way back in the time when March had only 28 days, an old woman decided to take her sheep into the fields because, as she declared, March was over and could not torment her with cold any more. Offended by these words, March "borrowed" three days from April and made sure that they chilled the old woman to the bone. “Fine di marzo, primi di aprile, ancora freddo può venire,”&nbsp;goes another saying. (End of March, beginning of April, more cold can still come.) But brighter weather is also on the way.&nbsp;Marzo tinge&nbsp;(March stains)&nbsp;maapril dipinge&nbsp;(but April paints). Even in a chilly wind, keep these words in mind: Vento di marzo, odore di primavera!&nbsp;(Wind of March, smell of Spring!)◾

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Misc texture 2

and talking about... - SAINT PATRICK'S DAY - WOMENS' DAY, STUDENT'S CORNER - WELCOME SPRING!

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March 8th&nbsp;is International Women's Day. Women in the past had to fight for their basic rights; the right to vote, the right to drive and the right to work for example. Emmeline Pankhurst was one of the first women to take a stand on women's rights by demanding the vote for all women. Her political protests with the other suffragettes meant that in 1928 women were finally granted the same voting rights as men. At last women were in the public eye and this was just the beginning of a wave of changes. In the western world women now have these basic rights but there is still not total equality between men and women; men often get the most important jobs in a company and sometimes they earn more money than women for doing the same job. In some parts of the world women still have no rights and cannot live independently from men. International Women's Day is a chance to celebrate the success of women but also to remember that we must continue to fight for the rights of women all over the world. Domestic violence, violence that occurs inside the home or is perpetrated by a family member or partner, is still rampant; the latest figures show that 5 million women or 30% of the adult female population in England and Wales have experienced some form of domestic abuse. These statistics cover females from the age of 16 upwards.

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When is St David's Day? Every year on 1 March, Welsh people celebrate their patron saint, St David. What do we know about St David? Little is known about him for certain. What little information we have is based on an account of his life written by Rhigyfarch towards the end of the 11th century. When was St David alive? According to&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhygyfarch">Rhigyfarch's</a>&nbsp;Latin manuscript, St David died in the year 589. His mother was called Non, and his father, Sant, was the son of Ceredig,&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ceredigion">King of Ceredigion</a>. After being educated in&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceredigion">Cardiganshire</a>, he went on pilgrimage through south Wales and the west of England, where it is said that he founded religious centres such as Glastonbury and Croyland. He even went on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, where he was made archbishop.

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Why is St. David considered the Patron Saint of Wales? St David eventually settled at Glyn Rhosyn (<a href="http://www.museumwales.ac.uk/industry/images/?action=show_item&amp;item=3171">St David's</a>), in south-west Wales, where he established a very strict ascetic religious community. Many miracles have been attributed to him, the most incredible of which was performed when he was preaching at the&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synod_of_Brefi">Synod of Llanddewibrefi</a>&nbsp;- he caused the ground to rise underneath him so that he could be seen and heard by all. How much truth is in this account of his life by Rhigyfarch is hard to tell. It must be considered that Rhigyfarch was the son of the Bishop of St David's, and that the Life was written as propaganda to establish Dewi's superiority and defend the bishopric from being taken over by&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canterbury">Canterbury</a>&nbsp;and the&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normans">Normans</a>. How did St David become popular? From the 12th century onwards, St. David's fame spread throughout South Wales and as far as Ireland and Brittany.&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Davids_Cathedral">St. David's Cathedral</a>&nbsp;became a popular centre of pilgrimage, particularly after Dewi was officially recognised as a Catholic saint in 1120. From this period on, he was frequently referred to in the work of medieval Welsh poets such as&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iolo_Goch">Iolo Goch</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewys_Glyn_Cothi">Lewys Glyn Cothi</a>. In 1398, it was ordained that his feast-day was to be kept by every church in the Province of Canterbury. Though the feast of Dewi as a religious festival came to an end with the&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a>&nbsp;in the 16th century, the day of his birth became a national festival during the 18th century.

Legend and Folklore Shamrocks, leprechauns and the Blarney stone are associated with St. Patrick’s Day. Shamrocks are threeleaved clovers found growing in patches on grass. You are thought to be lucky if you find a four-leaved clover, so do keep it if you ever come across one! Leprechauns are little Irish fairies, and they are thought to work as shoe-makers for other fairies. The Irish say that if a leprechaun is caught by a human, he will reveal where he hides his pot of gold. On this day, pictures of shamrocks and leprechauns are hung everywhere. Some people even dress up as leprechauns complete with their big green hats! The village of Blarney is situated northwest of the Irish village of Cork. Blarney comes from the Irish word ‘An blarna’, meaning the plain. Blarney Castle is a very famous castle in this village and is 90 feet tall. The world famous Blarney Stone is on the top story. It is said that if one kisses this stone, one will be given the gift of eloquence, meaning to have beautiful speaking abilities. Nowadays, the word blarney means the ability to influence and coax with fair words and soft speech without offending.

How is St David's Day celebrated? Now March 1 is celebrated by schools and cultural societies throughout Wales. It is the custom on that day to wear either a leek or a daffodil - two&nbsp;<a href="https://museum.wales/articles/1182/National-emblems-FAQ/">national emblems of Wales</a>&nbsp;- and for children to wear the national costume. It has become the national costume of Wales. But how does it compare with&nbsp;<a href="http://www.museumwales.ac.uk/articles/2007-07-06/A-Real-Welsh-Costume/">Welsh costumes from the past</a>? Why is the leek a Welsh symbol? Legend has it that St. David ordered his soldiers to wear leeks on their helmets during a battle against the&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saxons">Saxons</a>&nbsp;during the sixth century, while the&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Cr%C3%A9cy">Battle of Crecy</a>, in 1346, featured loyal and brave Welsh archers who fought in a field of leeks. By 1536, when&nbsp;<a href="https://museum.wales/collections/online/object/41bb6c94-b7f3-3caf-ad10-d63cb2935df6/The-family-of-Henry-VIII-an-allegory-of-the-Tudor-succession/footer/">Henry VIII</a>&nbsp;gave a leek to his daughter on 1 March, was already associated with St. David's Day. It is possible that the green and white family colours adopted by&nbsp;<a href="https://museum.wales/art/online/?action=show_item&amp;item=737">the Tudors</a>&nbsp;were taken from their liking for the leek. When did people start wearing a daffodil on St David's day? In comparison with the ancient Welsh associations of the leek, the daffodil has only recently assumed a position of national importance. An increasingly popular flower during the 19th century, especially among women, its status was elevated by the Welsh-born prime minister&nbsp;<a href="https://www.museumwales.ac.uk/art/online/?action=show_item&amp;item=1940">David Lloyd George</a>, who wore it on St David's Day and used it in ceremonies in 1911 to mark the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.museumwales.ac.uk/art/online/?action=show_item&amp;item=645">investiture of the Prince of Wales at Caernarfon</a>.

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Traditional Food and Drink on St. Patrick’s Day Corned beef and cabbage is what most people have on this day. Another popular dish is Irish soda bread and potato pancakes. Irish pub owners go crazy on this day, putting green food colouring into their beers and traditional Irish Guinness Stout is a sell out in all Irish pubs! People also drink lots of Irish coffee, which is made with warm whiskey, sugar, coffee and topped off with whipped cream.

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