This book features adapted materials from the original Chemicals in Action: Elements & Compounds science book. 

Elements & Compounds Customized Curriculum

Metals are extracted from rocks in Earth's crust. The rocks contain minerals called ores. An ore is a compound made up of a metal combined with other elements. 

Iron: Iron is the most widely used metal. it is hard and gray. It also is magnetic. Iron is used to make things such as gates and railings, but also steel. Steel is made into cars, ships, buildings, and lots of other objects.

Copper: Copper is a soft, brown metal that is easy to bend and cut. It is very good at conducting electricity, so it is frequently used to make wires and cables.

Aluminum: Aluminum is a silver-colored metal that has a low density. Density is the mass of an object. Most aluminum is made into soda cans, pots and pans in used in the kitchen, and aluminum foil.

Workers use steel made out of iron to build a structure. 

Chemical Reactions: A sequence that happens when two chemicals (called the reactants) react together to form new chemicals (called the product)

Introduction to Chemical Reactions and Equations | Don't Memorise

Watch this video to learn more about the basics of chemical reactions!

Chemists often separate mixtures into their individual elements. There are multiple ways they can do this. 

Let's try it! Use strips of a coffee filter and two different kinds of markers and draw blobs on both ends of the filter. Pour some water in a cup, and have your teacher help you roll your filter into a cylinder. Stand it up in the water with the spots at the bottom. Watch what happens as the filter soaks the water up.

Filtering Filtering is used to separate a mixture of a liquid and a solid. The mixture is poured through paper that has very small holes in it. The liquid can go through those holes, but the solids cannot.

Chromatography Chromatography is used to find out what the individual elements of a mixture are. The simplest type of chromatography is paper chromatography.

Compare the two marks from the different markers. Do they look the same? Could this mean the markers inks have different elements in them?

Metals at the top of the series, such as potassium and sodium, are extremely reactive. Some of these chemical reactions are big reactions, causing things like explosions.

The elements in the periodic table are divided into two main categories - metals and nonmetals.

Some metals react very well with common chemicals such as acids, air, and water. Other metals don't react with chemicals at all.

The reactivity series is a list of common metals in order of how reactive they are, or how well they react with other chemicals.

Metals at the bottom of the reactivity series, such as gold and silver, are not reactive at all. 

Problem: Which common metals are most reactive? Hypothesis: To discover which metals are most reactive, we can put pieces of the metals in a weak acid and watch what happens. The one that fizzes most quickly will be the most reactive.

2. Make sure a window is open, because the next part can get really smelly! Ask the adult to pour hot water into the bowl. Put the jars into the water so the hot water heats the vinegar up. Do not breathe deeply close to the jars. 

Materials: nail made of iron or steel galvanized (zinc-coated) nail nail made of copper or brass white vinegar three small jars one bowl

If there are bubbles coming off the surface of the metal, there is a reaction happening. 

Experiment Steps 1. Put a nail into each of the three small jars. Pour just enough vinegar into the jars to cover the nails. Watch what happens for a few minutes. While you wait, ask an adult to heat a kettle of water.

When you are finished, answer the problem question using the link to the right!

chemical reaction experiment results

Element vs Compound

My Student Met This ISTE-S Standard: ISTE - S1.1.c - Students&nbsp;use technology&nbsp;to seek feedback that informs and improves their practice and to&nbsp;demonstrate their learning&nbsp;in a variety of ways. My student is able to accomplish this standard by using the assessment through Google Slides when completing their experiment.

INDOE Standard MS-PS1-2. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. This standard was chosen because the book I chose did cover the properties of substances and how they changed after interacting with another one, but it did not entirely explain it in the easiest way possible for my student to comprehend.

I Met This ISTE-S Standard: ISTE-S 1.3.c - Students&nbsp;curate&nbsp;information from digital resources using a&nbsp;variety of tools&nbsp;and methods to create&nbsp;collections of artifacts&nbsp;that demonstrate&nbsp;meaningful connections or conclusions. I met this standard by using many different resources to compile a better form of learning for my student. I used Google Slides, the original book, YouTube, and more!

I Met This ISTE-E Standard: 2.5.a - Use technology to create, adapt and&nbsp;personalize learning experiences&nbsp;that foster&nbsp;independent learning&nbsp;and accommodate&nbsp;learner differences and needs. I used Book Creator to adapt the original science book to better suit my student's learning goals. When using this adapted book, they will be able to work through their school work more independently.

Oxlade, C. (2002). Chemicals in Action: Elements &amp; Compounds. Heinemann Library. gifs found at bookcreator.com https://www.youtube.com/embed/NRCn8 z8gb1w?feature=oembed&amp;modest branding=1&amp;rel=0&amp;showinfo=&amp;autoplay=1 https://www.youtube.com/embed/olNaHLbd 8zgfeature=oembed&amp;modestbranding=1&amp;rel =0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;autoplay=1

Student is in the 8th grade and has been diagnosed with ADHD and a specific learning disability that affects his ability to comprehend what he is reading. He easily gets distracted and overwhelmed when there is too much information on one page, and learns better listening to someone reading or watching a video of the subject. This adapted version of our current science book allows him to receive the information from it that he needs to know without overwhelming him with points that do not pertain to our classes learnings. The different learning activities/experiments throughout the book, alongside the books explanation of individual elements, helps the student to confidently succeed within the standards chosen.

Nonmetal elements come from the air, from sea water, and from rocks and minerals. 

Hydrogen: Hydrogen is the simplest of all the elements. It is very flammable, and is used to make different kinds of chemicals.

fire explosion GIF by The Franklin Institute

Carbon: Carbon is an unusual, but important element. It is found is two very different forms. It is found in graphite, which is what pencil lead is made of, being a dark gray color, and diamonds, which are a shiny, colorful silver color.

Nitrogen: Nitrogen does not have any color or smell, and it is what makes up 78 percent of the air in the atmosphere. It is very important for plants, because it is what is needed for plants to grow.

All substances, whether they are elements, compounds, or mixtures, are made up of tiny particles. These particles are either individual atoms or groups of atoms called molecules.

atom: extremely tiny particles of matter. An atom is the smallest particle of an element that can exist. All substances are made up of atoms. elements: substance that contains just one type of atom compounds: substance that contains two or more different elements joined together by chemical bonds mixtures: substance made up of two or more elements or compounds that are not joined together by chemical bonds particles: small piece of a substance molecules: type of particle made up of two or more atoms joined together by chemical bonds