EYE 12

44. make for = to move towards a place 45. make sth into sth = to change sth into sth else 46. make of = to have an opinion about sth 47. make out sth/sb = to see, hear or understand sb/st with difficulty 48. make for sth = to result in

- Earth &amp; Space - Conquering space - Reality &amp; Fantasy

49. wipe out = destroy completely 50. head for = be likely to experience a bad situation soon 51. turn out = prove to be the case 52. eat sth up = eat all of the food given 53. bring about = cause to happen 54. get by = manage with difficulty to live or accomplish sth

55. catch up = to discuss your latest news with sb 56. check out = to look at 57. get off = to step off a vehicle (e.g. bus, train) 58. get together = to meet 59. pay sb back = to give sb money you owe them

- Earth &amp; Space - Conquering space - Reality &amp; Fantasy

60. look into = to investigate 61. measure up to = to be as good as 62. wash away = to remove completely with water 63. come apart = to separate into pieces

Childhood soak - skin lame - foot sting - clothes glave -eyes growl - voice chatter - teeth

Institutions and power official complaint poor management overseas students misleading advice public sector insurance companies

Stages in life wedding dress church wedding extended family nuclear family stay single single parent

Space facts radio waves solar system asteroid belt air molecules neutron star naked eyes

Cultural practices of identity sports event the royal family strict dress code golf course rule book takes place ontrend stand out signature look follow the crowd identify with dress to impress

Parent hood raise children parenting style safe and secure high expectations emotional wellbeing remove obstaches take responsibility for something love and affection

Special holidays Easter break festive meal warm wishes winter wonderland holiday season magical experience breathtaking view

Neighbours get on well peace of mind face to face making noise change your way/mind

robotic vehicle surface temperature extreme environment air pressure

human survival space colony potentially deadly limited visibility

If you want to succeed in the Matriculation exam ...

The current book collects useful vocabulary and literary devices for the B1-B2+ level. It is published by a group of 12-graders in Nesho Bonchev High School - Panagyurishte, Bulgaria. Having focused on Vocabulary is expected to be a hit among high school students. It is issued with the support of TEAM+ PRO.

Job skills and qualities administrative tasks further information diary management app travel arrangements considerable skills in

Visiting a famous building take a trip stand in line get started book tickets tap somebody on the shoulder fill somebody with wonder

Financial matters financial reasons contribute towards introduce a small charge amount of money charge for reverse a decision

A report on a youth centre vast majority signs of disrepair make available useful service provide amenities suit someone's needs

Community issues impose stricter fines face legal prosecution report illegal activity tackle an issiue autline a problem pressing issue immediate attention local authorities heavy fines effective solution

Faulty products cracked screen torn jumper stained shirt scratched CD broken vase missing keys wrong size burnt cable

Carring for others nursing home long-term care medical treatment child minder live-in nannies preschool age assisted-living facilities senior citizens

131. ask around = to ask a lot of people 132. bring sth up = to start talking about sth 133. call in on sb = to visit sb 134. cut sb off = to interrupt sb 135. show off = to behave in a certain way in order to attract attention

136. wave down = to stop a vehicle 137. wave sb off = to say goodbye to sb 138. sit up = to sit with your back straight 139. hand out = to give sb sth 140. eye up = to stare at sth you want 141. switch off = to stop paying attention to sth 142. catch up on = to watch the latest episode of a TV series 143. catch on = to become popular 144. come out = (of a book, TV show, film) to be released 145. run into = to experience 146. pick out = to select 147. plug in (sth) = to connect (sth) to a power supply 148. think up = to imagine 149. break down = to make sth ineffective 150. stick up for = to defend someone who is being criticised 151. blend in = to belong to a group of people

record weekly vlogs take a selfie post nice comments stream films online set up a social media profile live broadcast sports coverage viewing habits open journalism

news channels glossy pages morning paper newspaper headlines cover story annal subscription advice column classifiedads

front page TV guide mass communication online education interconnected network interactive Media platform's passive experience augmented reality

total isolation amazing land scape fish storks volcanic eruption mountain glaciers industrial waste green house effect global warming treatment centre extreme weather conditions

contaminated by chemicals family planning fossil fuels racial discrimination natural phenomena coral reefs torrential rain endangered species water shortage thermal expansion

conserve water scarcity of food hazardous weather conditions earn a reputation promote peace defend human rights over come obstacles raise awareness

steep cliffs youth hostel archaeological sites tasty local dishes special deals day trip

guided tour unforgetabble experience self-catering apartment weekend break unspoilt countryside seaside resort

package holiday departure lounge board the train two-hour delay one-way ticket tight budget

Positive: perfectionist sentimental good - natured relaxed emotional soft - spoken delightful extraordinary easy - going sensitive sensible decisive ambitious inspiring witty optimistic generous motivated creative logical thinker ability to multitask cooperative

good communication skills problem - solver organised attentive to detail

Negative: pessimistic arrogant reserved critical bossy narrow - minded absent - minded stubborn mean nasty moody self - conscious conservative gullible minded hearted quick - temperd big - headed thick - skinned

natural fear of ... close relationship raise awareness of special bond with beyound the limits of filmmakers portray (sharks) dedicated to = devoted to specialise in perception of interact with stars in marvel at clearly demonstrate that ferocious animal notorious for ... congratulations on retired from apply for experience in qualified for responsible for to work under pressure patient with ...

Prepositions

consist of confided to me tourist attraction temptetation to older ... historic site BUT historicAL interest ancient civilisation on display/ on board a hotel room in high season a big discount a huge rip-off good value off the beaten track to be in a rush on sale by birth for life deal with take into a count put laws carry out bring about at one time

1. a pain in the neck = extremely annoying 2. has a heart of gold = to be very kind 3. as hard as nails = very tough 4. behind the times = old-fashioned 5. a coach potato = lazy and doesn't do much exercises 6. all vendors drive a hard bargain = to negotiate hard 7. who has got itchy feet = to like travelling 8. hit the road = set off 9. to travel light = to take only the essentials 10. to live out of the suitcase = to live briefly in several places 11.living out of a suitcase = to stay somewhere for a short period only 12. gets itchy feet = to be very keen on traveling 13. it's any port in a storm = to accept whatever is available when in difficult situation

14. hit the road = to begin a journey 15. missed the boat = to lose an opportunity 16. give a helping hand - give assistance&nbsp; 17. it can’t be helped - there is no way of making a situation better 18. be a great help - be enormously helpful 19. so help me - using to emphasise what you are saying&nbsp; 20. help oneself on sth. - take sth without permission 21. help is at hand&nbsp;- assistance is available 22. be a fat lot of help - not be helpful at all 23. every little helps - even small amounts can make a difference&nbsp; 24. can’t help oneself - be unable to stop oneself from doing something

<a href="http://www.ediplomat.com/np/cultural_etiquette/cultural_etiquette.htm">Cultural Etiquette Around the World</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYeWqk-Wr5GsBT21r6MELJQ">Practice Makes Perfect</a> <a href="https://letslearnenglish.com/teaching-and-learning-3rd-conditional-using-songs/">Songs for practicing Conditionals</a> <a href="https://multimedia-english.com/">Learn Real English, Prepare for Real Life</a> <a href="https://www.playbuzz.com/jonb10/do-you-really-have-perfect-english">Do you Really Have Perfect English Skills?</a> <a href="https://www.cambridgeenglish.org/exams-and-tests/">Preparing for Cambridge Exams</a> <a href="https://englishlive.ef.com/blog/language-lab/15-common-english-idioms-and-phrases/">Everyday Idioms</a> <a href="https://deepenglish.com/">Learn English with Interesting Stories, Listening and Speaking</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZWAoB_eGrho">Funny English</a> <a href="https://learningapps.org/">Educational Games</a>

<a href="https://read.bookcreator.com/PCEe7RYrTlaiveEUi6yUm4yFzgj1/1NvxOghVTmqJEvMYXWuVjA">Visual Reading in a Nutshell</a> Golden Collection of Booktrailers

21. Exposition - the story is introduced and can include background on setting, the characters and one or more conflicts 22. Rising action - this stage consists of series of events that create more and more tension before the climax 23. Climax - when the conflicts reach a point where something big has to happen (it's the most excitingpart and a turning point) 24. Falling action - events that happen in result of the climax 25. Resolution - the end of the story when conflicts get resolved 26. Allusion - Reference from one literary text to another literary text or source 27. Character - people, animals and sometimes objects that serve a particular function when writers tell a story 28. Protagonist - the main character 29. Antagonist - the character in conflict with the protagonist 30. Major characters - important to the story 31. Minor characters - characters that only appear once or twice 32. Round characters - that grow and change during the story 33. Flat characters - one-sided characters, often only appearing to show something about the main character or to move the plot forward

Helping people with special needs supportive learning environment everyday tasks communication skills deaf people sign language physical long-term disabilities emotional problems physical therapist sign language interpreter occupational therapist special education teacher speech therapist child psychologist

Dealing with homelessness homeless shelter job trainig schemes affordable housing supported employment accessible healthcare/child care community outreach programmes temporary housing welfare support

Space technology human crew satellite repair solar probe take apicture light year celestial bodies collect date analyse samples

Town features cycle lane pedestrian crossing wheelchair ramp public benches community centre pedestriansed shopping area skatepark community garden

Public speaking guest speaker one-day conference key issue projector screen sound engineer non-profit event travel expenses other arrangements lecture theatre further questions

Space facts radio waves solar system asteroid felt air molecules neutroustar naked eyes

harmful effects to spell disaster to grow crops desperate situation to draw up a proposal to make aware

to reduce gas emissions to make anare to give a speach to be moved to tears to lead sb to consider sth industrial waste

oil spill greenhouse effect exhaust fumes ozone layer rising sea temperatures endangered species

go hiking go dancing go swimming go fishing

do model making do photography do stamp collecting do extreme sports do taichi

play a musical instrument play chess play golf play computer games

Body language key to success set phrases chain of command go viral facial expressions eye contact good manners humman beings

Social issues rising trend basic needs public protests writing skills developing contries extreme poverty natural resources temporary accommodation challenging task

Consumer complaints false advertising bad quality work incorrect bill non - delivery additional fees poor service faulty repairs faulty goods

Informal and Formal Phrases

1. Addressing people We use formal language for people we don't know or don't know well: - Sir/Madam (adult male/ adult female - we don't know them; frequently used when serving a customer, etc) - Mr + last name (male) - Mrs + last name (married female) - Ms + last name (mrried or unmarried female) - Miss + last name (unmarried female) - Sir/ Miss (male/female teacher up to end of secondary school) NOTE: Teachers can also be addressed as Mr/Mrs/Miss + last name - Mr/Mrs/Miss + last name (male/female university lecturer) - My Lord/Lady (male/female high court judge) - Your Honour (male/female crown court judge) - Sir/Madam (male/female magistrates' court judge)

We use informal language for family and friends; - Hun (romantic partner or female to female friend) - Mate (male to male friend) - Darling/Sweetheart/Love/Pet (child or romantic partner) - Babe or Baby (young romantic partner)

The European Commission's support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the contents, which reflect the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

Health and safety safety requirements hygene certificate sleeping arrangements nutritious food play area government guidelines

Volunteering local wildlife restore native forests provide a comfortable place make a commitment fostering unsociable animals charity organisation

Space and entertainment domed ceiling 3D film scientific experiments interactive exhibits live demonstrations permanent exhibition

big bang theory dark matter shooting star full moon outer space space exploration total eclipse magnetic field interstellar travel

further afield non-Earth environment breatheble air cosmic radiation breakthrough technologies space suit space craft space station space tourism

space walk space junk human body research mission environmental impact economis boost disused satellite price range technical issue space radiation

Get get a temporary/permanent job get a promotion get a good salary get a 9 to 5 job get a pay rise get a job get time off get a day off get a bonus get a promotion

Have have a temporary /permanent job have an employee have previous experience have a 9 to 5 job have flexible hours have a job have a busy day have time off have a day off have an interview have career prospects

Be be an employee be on maternity leave be unemployed be on holiday be in charge of the company

Give give somebody advice give somebody a lift give advice give somebody a hand give a good impression give something a go give a chance give somebody details

Take take care of somebody take action take control of asituation take pride in something take no notice of somebody take somebody's word for something take advantage of something

11. Humour - used to make audiences laugh - surprise - when unexpected happens - slapstick - physical humour such as so. falling over or being hit - incogruity - sth doesn't match up, or seem to fit 12. Personification - a kind of metaphor in which we describe an object, an animal, an abstract idea in terms of human feelings or actions. 13. Foreshadowing - the use of clues to provide insight as to what happens later in the story 14. Rhyme scheme - a pattern of rhyming words at the end of lines. It helps give a poem cohesion, rhythm and music 15. Stereotypes - A stereotype is a set idea or fixed image that people have about other people or things, even if it is not actually true 16. Symbols - A symbol is something (an object, action, colour, etc.) which is used to represent something more - and idea, a person, a relationship, etc. 17. The play within a play - performance within a performance, which helps the audience understand some of the larger themes, and also provides commentary on the characters and their various situations 18. Narrative point of view - a story can be told from different narrative points of view. The most common narrators are in 1st person (using I, we, etc.) or a 3rd person narrator(using they, he, she, etc.) 19. Oxymoron - a phrase or figure of speech in which two oppposite ideas are joined (bitter-sweet) 20. Contrast - when a writer identifies differences between 2 subjects (characters, places or ideas)

Jobs estate agent flight attendant an pair fire fighter medical researcher fashion designer tour guide sales assistant high demand starting salary newly qualified sense of satisfaction job security staffing shortages annual leave un dergraduate degree

Work long hours steady job weekly pay managerial post missed deadline official qualifi cations provide references full-time assistant prior experience monthly salary enclosing CV flexible working hours arrange an interview

Money traveller's cheques foreign carrency exchange rate credit cards monthly instalments real bargain big discount huge rip-off

rough sea package holidays medical atmosphere unique experience

bumpy flight lush vegetation local landmark lush forest wander around

Archaevlogy burial site rock relief fine example winter solstice archaeological evidence advanced knowledge

tiny - huge popular - unpopular harmful - safe import - export long - short significantly - insignificantly lengthened - shortened minor - major simple - elaborate end - commence scruffy - well - dressed unimportant - important demolition - construction ignore - pay attention blessing - curse ultimately - finally, the most important fact in the situation traditional - originally hatred of - passion

cool down - heat dirty - clean harsh - pleasant tiny - large alien - native similarities - contrasts boiling - cold eager - unwilling different - similar uninformed - aware unnecessary - vital drop off - pick up temporary - permanent busy - free smallest - biggest together - separately less than - over complicated - easy unimportant - influential

kidnapping - abduction polite - insulting strong - mild rare - common narrow - wide clear - uncertain

34. Imagery 2: - gustatory - the way smth tastes - olfactory - the way smth smells - auditory - the way smth sounds - visual - the way smth looks - kinaesthethic - the way smth moves - organic - a feeling inside someone 35. Polysemy - in a literary text is the levels of meaning a word, phrase, sentence or entire text can have 36. Flashback - events that took place before the time of narration in a novel 37. Flashforward - jumping forwards in time into the future in a novel 38. Narration - the point of view the story is told: - first-person narration - sounds like the writer is in the story while talking - third-person narration - has one of the characters telling the story 39. Omniscient - when the narrator knows everything about the other characters and story 40. Limited - The narrator only knows the thoughts and feelings in their own head 41. Genre: Dystopian fiction - genre that presents a different society to the one that exists now to the reader 42. Alliteration - is a literary device where two or more words in a phrase repeat the same beginning consonant sound 43. Genre: Postcolonial literature - literature that is connected to the British colonies 44. Onomatopoeia - words that sound like the thing they represent when they are being said (the buzz of bees)

1. run out of sth = have no more 2. put money aside = save 3. take out a loan = borrow money from a bank 4. to live on = have money to support yourself 5. cut down on sth = reduce 6. fill out the form = complete 7. fill in the gaps = insert 8. check in desk 9. get on (the plane) 10. set off = leave 11. pick me up = take s.o. with you 12. take off = leave the ground 13. stop off = stop and get off for a while 14. deal with = handle 15. carry out = perform 16. bring about = cause 17. turn to = to seek help from 18. get by = manage financially 19. distribute = give out 20. originate from = comes from 21. instal = put up 22. say that sth should happen = call for 23. range up = to approach and walk with sb

EYE Enjoy Your English

''NESHO BONCHEV'' HIGH SCHOOL - PANAGYRUSHTE, BULGARIA 2022

45. Understatement - literary device that makes light of something more serious 46. Hyperbole - exaggeration which is made to draw attantion to smth 47. Genre: Southern Gothic - genre in literature that takes place in the American South 48. Tone - refers to the voice of the writer (The rooms grew darker and the air became thick with grief - sad) 49. Setting: Time and place - the time and place the sstory happens; they can be real or fictional 50. Literary techniques: - Direct speech - direct speech is when an auhor writes exactly what the character says - Indirect speech - what a cahracter says is reported by someone else 51. Genre: Magic Realism - genre where an author creates a realistic view of the modern world while also adding elements of magic and fantasy 52. Mirroring - when a writer parallels two (or more) characters or events in order to get the reader to compare them

152. put sb down as sth = to assume that sb is a type of person without knowing them well 153. size up = to judge someone 154. act up = to behave badly 155. tell off = to reprimand, to criticise 156. take after = to be similar to a parent or older relative 157. break down = to lose control of one's emotions 158. put up with = to tolerate sth 159. bring (sb) in = to ask sb to come and do a job 160. bring about = to cause to happen 161. give back = to return 162. go after = to pursue 163. set off = to start a journey

164. give up = to abandon an attempt 165. bring back = to cause to recall 166. do without = to live or continue without having sth/sb 167. fall back on = to return to sb/sth for help when other plans have failed 168. bring (sb) round = to persuade sb 169. get at = to mean 170. hold back = to control (tears/laughter) 171. make out = to distinguish 172. put up with = to tolerate

93. dive into = to start doing sth enthusiastically 94. come across = to meet by chance 95. set up = to place sth in a specific location 96. check out = to look at sth or to go somewhere that seems interesting

- The Internet (virtual museums &amp; exhibitions)

97. read through = read all of sth to check for detail/mistakes 98. read up on = find out more information 99. cross out = draw a line trough sth (usually a mistake) 100. read out = read aloud

- Eminent Art centres (types of readers' clubs)

101. dry up = to lose moisture and become hard 102. pull sth off = to succeed in sth difficult 103. use up sth = to use all of sth, so nothing is left 104. water down = to add water to sth to make it weaker 105. wash sth off = to remove sth with water

106. act out = to say the words of a story 107. put on = to perform or organise sth 108. make over = to change someone's appearance 109. write (sb) out = to remove sb from a television programme 110. go up = to open or raise sth

24. come up with = to think of 25. bring about = to cause 26. put forward = to propose 27. carry out = to perform(a task, one's duties, etc.) 28. put off = to postpone

- State &amp; Institutions - Civil society

29. die out = to stop existing 30. get across/over = to make sth clear/understandable 31. help out = to do some work for a person/group 32. cut down/back on = to use or do less of sth 33. put out = to stop sth burning 34. run out = to have none left of sth

35. go without = to manage even when you don't have something 36. go up = to increase 37. take in = to open your home to sb 38. end up = to finally yourself in a particular situation 39. put sb up = to give sb a bed to sleep in

40. run out of = to finish sth so that none is left 41. send out = to emit; to release 42. burn off = to set fire to sth in order to remove it 43. touch down = to land on the surface of sth

NOUNS formed from VERBS -age&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= use – usage -al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= arrive – arrival -ance&nbsp;&nbsp;= perform – performance -ation&nbsp;= invite – invitation -ence&nbsp;&nbsp;= prefer – preference -ion&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= discussion, revision -ment&nbsp;&nbsp;= agree – agreement -sion&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= decide – decision (–d, -t) -sis&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= emphasise –emphasis -tion&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= produce – production &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;describe - description

ADJECTIVES formed from NOUNS -ous&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= danger – dangerous -al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= nation – national -ic&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= artist – artistic -ive&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= effect – effective -ful (with) = pain – painful -less (without) = pain – painless -y&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= thirst – thirsty -ly&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= week – weekly -ing&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= interest –interesting -ed&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= talent – talented

NOUNS formed from ADJECTIVES -ance&nbsp;&nbsp;= distant – distance -cy&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= delicate – delicacy -ence&nbsp;&nbsp;= patient – patience -ion&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= discreet – discretion -ness&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= happy – happiness -ity&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= secure – security, active - activity -ty&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= certain – certainty, cruel - cruelty -y&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= hones – honesty, jealous - jealousy

ADJECTIVES formed from VERBS -able&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= accept – acceptable, love - loveable -ible&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= convert – convertible -ive&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= exclude – exclusive, impressive VERBS formed from ADJECTIVES -en&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= broad – broaden -ise&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;= modern – modernize

1. Verbal Irony - creates a humorous effect 2. Characterisation: - direct (explicit) - learn about the character by what another character/ narrator tells us - indirect (implicit) - by the way they think, speak and behave 3. Poetic Drama - Shakespeare's plays (written in verse to be spoken) 4. Blank verse (unrhymed) &amp; Rhyming couplets 5. Types of Humour: - Malapropism - a word is used incorrectly - Bathos - sth. serous suddenly changes in style to sth. silly and ridiculous - Hyperbole - extremely exaggarated to give emphasis 6. Vernacular - like ordinary people in a certain area speak 7. Imagery - it brings a scene to life in the mind of the reader; descriptive language based on the 5 senses: - visual (about what is seen); auditory (what is heard); olfactory ( what is smelt); gustatory (what is tasted); tactic (about what is touched); kinaesthetic (the way sth. moves); organic (a feeling inside s.o.). 8. Caricature - used in novels and short stories to develop characters to emphasise their personality; to critisise a society's faults 9. Conflict - to move the story forward: - man vs self - a person in conflict with themselves - man vs man - a person in conflict with sb else - man vs society - in conflict with society - man vs nature - in conflict with nature 10. Humour - to make audiences laugh

Literary Devices

64. toke over = begin to have control 65. give up = stop trying 66. get out = leave 67. runs out = finish 68. work out = solve

69. dig (sth) into sb/sth = to press (an object) hard into a person or an object 70. dig sb/sth out = 1) to get sb/sth out of somewhere by digging; 2) to find sth you have not seen or used for a long time 71. dig up = 1) to take sth out of the ground by digging; 2) to make a hole in the ground with a machine; 3) to find out secret or forgotten information by searching carefully

- Social sciences - Achievements &amp; Prespectives

72. to set up = to arrange 73. to get through = to overcome 74. to count on = to rely on for help 75. to fot in with = to be accepted by someone

4. Making aquaintances

Asking about person: - You are not from around here, are you? - Whereaboats are you from? Saying farewell - See you (soon/around/later). - Have a nice day. Asking about plans - Do you have any plans for... ? - What are you thinking of doing... ?

Responding: - I come from/moved here ... - I've only been here for ... - I'm from ... - Bye/See you/So long. - Thanks, you too. - I'm considering ... (-ing)/ - I might/ I'll probably ...

5. Greeting/Introducing/Presenting people

Greeting: - Hey/Hi/Hello, Kim. - What's up Sam? - Havent seen you for ages. - How are you, Mr/Ms/Mrs ... . Introducing: - Ann, this is Mary. -Do you know Sid? - Allow me to introduce you Mr/Ms/Mrs ... . Presenting: - Amy and I work at/go to ... - Mr Ash has recently joined our staff/works in accounting. etc.

Responding: - Oh, hey Pat. - Nothing much. - I know. How have you been? - I am very well, thank you. - Hi Mary. Good to see you. - No, I don't. Hello, Sid. - It's a pleasure to meet you. - That's nice. - Welcome to the company, Mr. Ash. - It's nice to meet you, Mr. Ash.

<a href="bookcreator://page/jZLWMU6lRs-VgbCG3wNEkg">Synonyms</a> 4-5 <a href="bookcreator://page/QOV8ui-aS16wXNrhMjUe0g">Antonyms</a> 6 <a href="bookcreator://page/PiDDXNMSRwKj4vm38ND7RQ">Collocations</a> 7-9 <a href="bookcreator://page/RA6GF1X1SOCj1LGDZBgCNA">Phrasal verbs</a> 17 <a href="bookcreator://page/6U_6qAdfToC6x9IZyqGZgA">Idioms</a> 28 <a href="bookcreator://page/62uYWYlmRK-wTZj2uelJ4Q">Prepositions</a> 29 <a href="bookcreator://page/lNp4wmSVQeGkxQ8vDqL-xQ">Word Formation</a> 30 <a href="bookcreator://page/eOCv_EDAR9-ICU9lhKCm4w">Informal &amp; Formal Speech</a> 35 <a href="bookcreator://page/lWUTTqwuRP2NP1nk7Q6rIw">Improve your Vocabulary</a> 37 <a href="bookcreator://page/58Pdu1gFSt-0qB1fGA8N1g">Character Adjectives</a> 38 <a href="bookcreator://page/a-WO_DlySxuQKOxH4ZGHKA">Literary Devices</a> 40 <a href="bookcreator://page/IGQnyD6rSDSgNbDJXW1wzA">Useful Links</a> Enjoy the games and songs Acknowledgments

111. turn up = to increase the volume 112. put out = to make sth available to the public 113. call off = to decide an event will not take place 114. play back = to play sth that has been recorded

115. read (sth) through = to read sth from beginning to end 116. dip into (a book) = to read a small part of sth at a time 117. flip/leaf trough = to briefly look through 118. read up on = to study/research 119. take out (books from a library) = to borrow 120. come out = to be released 121. blow away = to impress 122. take off = to quickly become popular 123. fade out = (of lights, music) to make gradually disappear/ end 124. warm up (an audience, the crowd etc.) = to entertain sb before the main performance 125. beat ou (sth) = to make sounds by hitting an instrument 126. break into (sth) = to suddenly begin doing sth 127. bring out = to release for sale 128. pull out (of sth) = to stop being involved in 129. tune up = to adjust an instrument 130. rock out (to) = to enjoy listening/dancing to music

jobs = occupations enthusiasm = passion to watch = observe to form = to develop slowly = gradually to decode = interpret to adapt = to change = to adjust meeting = encounter fierce = ferocious bad dreams = nightmares sometimes = occasionally = at times complete = total to emphasise = to highlight to show = to demonstrate excellent = first rate possesses = boasts delicious = very tasty disadvantage = downside strong = lasting amazed = astonished generally = overall

Legislation = laws Appoint = to put someone in a position of power Majority = more than 50 percent Declare = to say something in a formal way Prerogatives = advantages Privilege = benefits Determined = defined Special = unique Advantages = privileges Officially = formally Is given = enjoys Work for = to serve Have control of = to command Agreement = consent Choose = select, appoint Permit = licence Forced = obliged Strange = odd

anti- = against&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;antibacterial bi- = two&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bilingual co- = with, together&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;co-pilot ex- = former, previous&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ex-wife inter- = between&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;intercontinental mis- = wrongly, badly, not&nbsp;&nbsp;misunderstand mono- = one&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;monosyllable multi- = many&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;multicultural out- = more, better&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;outweigh over- = (done) to a great &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;extent&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; overcharge post- = after&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;postgraduate pre- = before&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;preheat pro- = in favour of&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;prodemocracy re- = again&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; rebuild semi- = half&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; semi-detached sub- = under, less&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;subtitle super- = big, more&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;superstar trans- = (travel) from one &nbsp;side, group etc. to another&nbsp;&nbsp;transatlantic under- = not enough&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;underestimate

de-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;deactivate, decode dis-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;disconnect, disappear in-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;indecisive, inconvenient il- (before l)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;illegal im- (before m, p)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;immature, impossible ir- (before r )&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;irregular, irresistible BUT: unreliable, unrecognizable, unreasonable, unrealistic non-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;non-toxic, non-fiction un-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;unfortunate, unfair

NOUNS referring to people ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Verb + er/or/ar – builder, actor, burglar ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Noun/ verb/ adjective + ist – naturalist ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;verb + ant/ ent – assistant, correspondent ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;noun + an/ ian – European, musician ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;verb + ee (passive meaning) – employee

Jobs &amp; Money retired, profits, customers, hand in my notice, colleagues, perks (advantages), employer/employee, run a business, medical profession, to hold a post as a nurse, personnel/staff, to resign from your position, sack off, dismiss, fire. Character conservative, moody, perfectionist, sentimental, gullible (easy to trick s.o.), self-conscious, good-natured, relaxed, sensible, responsible, emotional, narrow-minded, easy-going, cold-hearted, soft-spoken, quick-tempered, big-headed, thick-skinned... Places bay, breathtaking scenery, cliff, cobbled streets, extinct volcano, fjord, glacier, landscape, mountain range, remote region, snow-capped mountain, unspoiled wilderness Weather chilly, extreme climate, fog, humid, mild weather

ADJECTIVE + ly = ADVERB ! Adj. ending in consonant + y= easy – easily ! Adj. ending in l = careful – carefully ! Adj. ending in –ic = specific - specifically ! Adj. ending in –le = probable - probably ! Adj. ending in –e = polite – politely, truly &nbsp; AT &nbsp;- &nbsp;at 6.30; at Christmas/ Easter; at noon/night/midnight; at breakfast/lunch/dinner time; at that time; at the moment/weekend IN – in the morning/afternoon/evening; in the Christmas holiday; in May; in (the) spring; in 2013; in the 20th century; in two minutes/ hours ON - on Monday; on Easter Sunday, on Christmas Day; on Monday; on March 8th; on a summer’s day; on that day

without fail to be in wishes for spent on something has something on in accordance to party with entitled to under warranty in compensation for something refund of to exchange sth. for sth. else replace sth. with sth. else congratulated on retired&nbsp;from applied&nbsp;for specialises&nbsp;in has no experience&nbsp;in sth. responsible&nbsp;for work&nbsp;under&nbsp;pressure to be sth. with so. dispose of aware&nbsp;of prevent from resulting&nbsp;from

decrease&nbsp;in experiment on consequences of solutions to the problem of exercising is&nbsp;of&nbsp;benefit to sth. an opportunity&nbsp;for discourage&nbsp;from engage&nbsp;in in&nbsp;favour of due&nbsp;to responsible for sth. in charge of sth. on behalf of sth. in touch with so. a big demand&nbsp;for sth. at&nbsp;the earliest&nbsp; to take sth. into consideration minority&nbsp;of to take towards can lead to to take into consideration deciding on involved in&nbsp; fine for in need of

in accordance with as requested the age of complies with

ordain = to officially say what will happen posterity = future blessing = approval of welfare = well being= safety tranquility = peace compromise = agreement you are being = you are behaving are having = are holding have = posses stealthily=secccretly slink=walk quietly plunge into=doing sth enthusiatically draw from=to get sth take to your heels=run away scud away=run quickly thief=who steals pursuit=chase sb not sharp = dull important=major having self-control=disciplined customised=personalised a number of=a bunch of decided=settled proved useful=come in handy irritating=annoying very easy=a breze

individualised = personalized disciplined = controlled eliminated = remove effortlessly = easily educated = informed wireless = without the use of cables

2. Opinion &amp; Justification Opinion: - I am convinced that... - It's clear to me - It's obvious that...

Justification: - I say this because... - My reason for saying this is that... - According to (the latest statistics, a programe I saw recently, etc.)...

3.Interviewing a person for a job: - Please, have a seat. - Tell me about yourself. - Why should we consider you for this job/employ you? - Why do you want this job?/ Why do you want to work here? - Do you have any relevant experience? - When can you start?

Replying: - Thank you. - I'm ... old,... - I'm (hardworking, kind, caring, sensible, etc.) - I want to... - I have worked as... - Right away/Next week.

- This is a great benefit (formal) = This is a big plus (informal) - I strongly believe (formal) = I'm sure that (informal) - To sum up (formal) = To cut a long story short (informal) - This seems unwise (formal)= This is just silly (informal) - It is estimated that (formal) = They guess that (informal)

Space and astronomy Ursa Mayor Milky Way dark ages of the universe space telescope Northern Hemisphere light year white sand warm blue sea local culture shopping malls street vendors designer labels counterfeit goods traditional handicrafts vibrant city floating market freshly-coocked food unique experience

Healthcare national insurance charitable donation election campaign landslide victory foreign investor cultural identity

Environment vulnerable species recreational purposes invasive species conservation efforts urban development habitat loss growing population endangered species natural environment aerial surve illance

Youth work poor background career guidance need assistance run a workshop reach their potential explore career opportunities build life skills show commitment

Clubs current coach classic board game keep me informed national league intermediate player competitive team

high-resolution graphics challengine enough high quality the right mix of

insightful glimpse film sequel realistic special effects edgy soundtracks

Health matters complete recovery over-the-counter medicine lower his temperature catch the flu runny nose treat the infection

173. come up with = to find (an answer/ a solution) 174. keep up with = to continue to be informed 175. put forward = to propose 176. take (sth) for = to believe sth to be sth else 177. turn out = to prove to be 178. let out = to release 179. go for = to attack

180. check in = to report arrival 181. eat out = to eat at a restaurant 182. get around = to travel from place to place 183. get away = to go on a trip/holiday 184. look around = to explore 185. take off = to depart 186. kick back = to stop doing things and relax 187. stop over = to stay a short time before continuing a journey 188. set off (sth) = to cause an explotion 189. light up (sth) = to become bright with light or colour 190. kick off = to start an event 191. gather around = to get together and form a group

76. run off = leave somewhere suddenly 77. break out off = escape from sth 78. tip off = warn sb that sth is going to happen 79. break into = enter a building by force in order to steal sth 79. lock up = put someone in prison 80. break out = when sth dangerous suddenly starts

81. break down = (of discussions, negotiations, etc.) to fail 82. bring forward = to announce sth new 83. flick through (a magazine, a book, etc.) = to skim through sth without properly reading it 84. look into = to investigate 85. set out = to outline/explain sth 86. step down = to quit 87. take down = to remove 88. tune in = (of broadcast media) to start viewing or listening sth

89. give away = to reveal 90. look over = to examine carefuly 91. put down = to write down 92. stand for = to represent

Name

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