English class

A PREPARE Imagine you´re on vacation. Decide where you are, what the weather´s like, how you´re feeling, who is with you, and what to do every day. Imagine two or three photos of your vacation.

B PRACTICE Write an e-mail to a friend. Use personal pronouns to avoid repeating words/ names.

Read the Listening builder. In pairs, complete the sentences from the show with the contractions in the box. don´t there's it's I'm bed's they're

1 When it's cold, the house turns and moves up, and gets a lot of sun. 2 I don't mean a garage at a house. 3 There are about 300 small apartments. And they're very cheap. 4 My bed´s opposite the kitchen. 5 There are four bedrooms, and there's a bathroom next to each bedroom. 6 I'm a teacher!

A Match the two parts to make complete sentences. 1 In this photo, I´m with 2 Here´s a photo 3 In this photo, we're 4 Here´s a photo of us in

d c b a

a Red Square in Moscow! b fixing our bikes. c of Sydney at night. d my niece, Eliza. We´re reading a story.

B Match the completed sentences with pictures a-d.

Text builder using personal pronouns We often use personal pronouns (he, she, it, etc.) to avoid repeating words and names: I´m with Sergio and Ana. We´re eating fish. It´s delicious! Eleni´s helping me with my French homework. She speaks really good French.

Read the text again and asnwer the questions. 1 What is Gary's job? Architect. 2 How does Gary make the different "rooms"? Move the walls. 3 Where is his bed? Down the wall. 4 Where can guests sleep? Bathroom. 5 According to the text, what free- time activities can Gary do in the apartment? Dinner, yoga, have a party.

In pairs, read the situations. Choose your roles. Think about what you need to say.

PRACTICE Find a new partner and act out your conversations.

A Hello, I'm looking for a blue shirt in size medium, but I only have 20 dollars. Can you help me? B Yes, I can help you. Let me see the floor to find what you're looking for. If I have blue shirts, also back and white if you want. And it costs 19.9 A Thanks, I like this shirt, where can I go to try it on? B In the dressing room, it´s in the back on the right.

1 You can park for one hour. 2 You can pay by credit car. 3 You can´t drive a bike on the street. 4 You can´t walk on the grass.

simple present and present continuous - clothes - ordinal numbers.

Grammar simple present and present continuous

For things that happen regularly or are always true, we use the simple present:

It always happens in January or February.

For things that are happening now or temporary actions, we use the present continuous:

I´m having dinner with my family now.

I´m visiting Seville this week.

Complete the rules with simple present or present continous. Then read the Grammar box.

1 We use the simple present to talk about facts and things that happen regularly. 2 We use the present continous to talk about things that are happening now or temporary actions.

Complete the interview with the correct form of the verbs in parentheses. Which person from the text is the interview with?

A Hello, I'm from 103 FM Radio. Are you having a good time? (have)

B Yes, it's amazing! We come every year. (come) A What are you doing right now? (do) B We are watching the local people go by on their horses. (watch) The women look beautiful! A What are they wearing? (wear) B Long flamenco dresses with special sandals, lots of jewelry, and flowers in their hair. People at the fair always wear traditional clothes like that. (wear) A Do you live vere? (live) B No, I am just visiting the city this week. (visit) It´s my favorite festival in the whole country. A Great to talk to you! Enjoy the rest of the celebration.

UNIT 6

LANGUAGE there is/ there are, some/ any - prepositions of place - rooms and furniture

is a busy and exciting city with a population of more than seven million. Like most people in Hong Kong, architect Gary Chang lives in a small apartment. But Gary's apartment has a difference- he can move the walls. It's only 32 square meters, but he can create a lot of new "rooms" inside it.

When you come into the apartment, you see just one room. There´s a wall with a TV on it. If you move this, you find a kitchen with a sink and stove. Next to the kitchen, there's a small with a washing machine behind it.

Back in the main room, are there any chairs? No, there aren´t any armchairs, but there's a small sofa on a wall. You can lift the sofa, pull down the wall, and it becomes a double bed! There are some shelves for books next to the bed, and there's a desk under the shelves.

Another wall in the main room has shelves for Gary's 3.000 CDs. If you move this wall, you find a bathroom behind it. Is there space for visitors? Gary can cover the bathtub to make a bed for guests.

In total, Gary can make 24 different "rooms", including a dining room, a study, and a movie room. There´s no balcony, but Gary doesn't mind. He has enough space to have dinner with friends, do yoga, and even have a party!

Read the description of Lisbon. Match pictures a-e with paragraphs 1-5.

a 5

b 1

c 4

d 2

e 3

T- shirt

Shirt Tire Suit Jacket

Blouse Skirt

Shorts

Pants Shoes

Socks

Sweater

Jewelry

Sneakers

Earrings

Hat Gloves

Belt

Necleare

Jeans

Bracelet

Coat Scarf

Sandals

Dress Boots

Charlotte calls her friend, Olivia. Complete the conversation with the correct form of the verbs in the box. Who is Nacho?

Olivia Hi, Charlotte! How are you? Charlotte Hi, Olivia! I'm good, thanks. I'm in Paris with Pete! We ´re having a great time! Olivia Paris! That's fantastic. What are you doing right now? Charlotte We´re at the Eiffel Tower. We ´re waiting to go up. Where are you? Olivia Nacho and I are visiting my in- laws with the girls. They ´re playing in the backyard with Nacho´s mom. And Nacho´s dad ´s making lunch for us. Charlotte That sounds nice.

Match sentences 1-5 with pictures a-d. Two sentences match one picture.

1 This restaurant is very busy. a 2 This restaurant's not very busy. c 3 This restaurant is pretty busy. b

4 This restaurant is really busy. e 5 This restaurant's not busy at all. d

Grammar modifiers We use modifiers with adjectives: There are really beautiful views of the city. It's really hot in the summer. It's a pretty famous building.

It's not a very big park. It's not a beautiful building at all.

READING identifying facts and opinions - adjetives

Texts often include both facts and opinions. A fact is a piece of true information:News Year's Day is on January 1st. An opinion is what someone thinks about something. You can express an opinion with: a verb: I think (that) ...., I don't think (that) ..., I agree, I don´t agree a positive or negative adjective: good, fun, fantastic, bad, horrible.

Text builder adjectives

Adjetives often show someone's opinion: It´s prettyboring. We have aniceuniform at the bank. The hat´s terrible. Adjetives come before a noun and after the verb ve: We wear agreat uniform. The Uniform´sgreat!

Complete definitions 1-3 with the words in the box.

square   cathedrals   apartment buildings   skyscrapers   mosques   market

1 Religious buildings like cathedrals and mosques are often very beautiful. 2 Skyscrapers are very tall buildings. They can be hotels, office buildings, and apartment buildings. 3 A square is an open area in a town or city. There's often a market there where you can go shopping.

Match capital cities 1-8 with countries a-h

1 Kathmandu 2 Wellington 3 Lima 4 Warsaw 5 San José 6 Nairobi 7 Kingston 8 Sofia

a Kenya b Poland c Nepal d Bulgaria e Costa Rica f New Zealand g Peru h Jamaica

1 Craig can cook, but he can´t speak French. 2 Helen can´t play tennis, but she can drive. 3 Craig, Helen, and Manuel can´t speak French. 4 Manuel can´t cook, but he can drive. 5 Silvia can cook and speak French. 6 Craig, Helen, and Manuel can drive.

2 Write short answers to the questions about the people in exercise 1.

1 Can Silvia drive? No, she can´t. 2 Can Craig play tennis? Yes, he can. 3 Can Helen cook? Yes, she can. 4 Can Manuel speak French? No, he can´t. 5 Can Helen and Silvia play tennis? No, they can´t. 6 Can Craig and Manuel drive? Yes, they can.

UNIT 5

simple present and present continuous - clothes- ordinal numbers

Look at the pictures in the text. What are the people wearing? Choose from the words in the box.

a dress  a shirt  pants  boots  a jacket  sandals  a hat  a suit

1. This celebration takes place in Brazil. Rio Carnival 2. A lot people wear red for this celebration. Chinese New Year. 3. This celebration stars on a Friday. Rio Carnival. 4. This celebration happens in the winter. Chinese New Year. 5. Animal take part in this celebration. Seville's April Fair.

Read the text . Match pictures a-c with names of celebrations 1-3. Match sentences 1-5 with the three celebrations.

A Read the Skill box and the text. Find one fact for each person.

1 Richard I wear a uniform to school.

2 Maria I work in fashion.

3 Saif I think our uniform´s great!

4 Nikki we have a nice uniform.

5 Hannah that uniforms are necesary.

3 Read the text again and answer the questions.

Wich person/people think(s) that... 1 uniforms aren´t for everyone? Maria. 2 his/her uniform´s not nice? Hannah. 3 his/her uniform is nice? Said, Nikki. 4 his/her uniform's not interesting? Richard. 5 uniforms are a good idea in his/her situation? Richard, Said, Nikki, Hannah.

Grammar prepositions of time

in: the morning(s) the winter July

on: Saturday(s) Friday night(s) Monday morning(s) the weekend

1 Complete the sentences with in, on, at, or from ... to.

at: 5:30 midnight/noon

from...to: ...Monday... Friday ...November... January ... 9:00 a.m. ... 5:00 p.m.

1. I usually take a shower in the evening. 2. Charles does his homework at night. 3. I´m at work from 8:30 to 6:30 every day. 4. They visit their cousins at New Year´s Day. 5. We always go out on Friday nights. 6. Is it hot here in August. 7. The days are short in the winter. 8. What do you like doing on the weekend?

Read and answer the questions. Are you a morning person or an evening person?

1 What time do you usually get up on the weekend? I usually get up at 7:00 a.m. on the weekend. 2 What time do you usually go to bed on the weekend? I usually go to bed at 11:00 p.m. 3 When do you like working or studying? In the morning 4 When do you enjoy getting exercise? I getting exercise from 6:30 at 7:30 a.m.

Listen to the description of an apartment. Complete it with the prepositions in the box. Wich room is the speaker describing?

behind   in front of   across from   under   next to

This is my favorite room. There's a window1 across from the door. There are some chairs and a table2 under the window. We have two comfortable armchairs- they're3 in front to the TV, and there's a small table between them. There are some shelves4 behing the armchairs. We have some books and a clock on the shelves. There's a cabinet5 next to the TV.

We use prepositions of place to say where something or someone is:

GRAMMAR prepositions of place

Beth's in the backyard. The bathroom's across from the bedroom. Our photos are on the selves.

sew bake take photos paint make jewerly

3 Complete the sentences from the text with the phrases in the box.

can´t use   can pay   can make   can earn

1 She can earn about $150 a month. 2 People can´t use them for free. 3 They can pay to download them. 4 I can make money simply by doing what I love.

6C Modifiers

We use modifiers with adjectives to make them stronger or weaker.

It's really/ very big.

It's not very big.

It's pretty big.

modifier + adjective

modifier + adjective + (singular) noun

It's not big at all.

The house is really / very beautiful. The house is pretty beautiful. The house isn't very beautiful. The house isn't beautiful at all.

It's a really/ very beautiful house. It's a pretty beautiful house. It's not a very beautiful house. It's not a beautiful house at all.

there is/ there are, some/ any -prepositions of place -rooms and furniture LANGUAGE

A Complete the sentences. Check your answers in the text. 1 There is a wall with a TV on it. 3 There is not balcony. 2 There are some shelves for books. 4 There are any armchairs.

B Choose the correct options to complete the rules. Then read the Grammar box. We can use some and any with plurar nouns. They mean "more than one". 1 We use some / any in affirmative sentences. 2 We use some/ any in negative sentences and plural questions.

Complete the sentences with oppositve adjectives. 1 I don´t like noisy restaurants. I like quiet places where you can talk with friends.

2 My girlfriend usually busy expensive clothes. I'm different- I buy cheap clothes and have some money for other things. 3 We have two sofas. One is old, but very comfortable- its perfect for watching a movie. The other one is new, but it´s uncomfortable. 4 My husband wants to buy some traditional furniture, but I don´t. I want some modern things because our apartment is very new. 5 Your T-shirt is very really dirty! Go and find a clean blouse. 6 My bike is very heavy, but Carl´s is really light. I can carry his bike with one hand. 7 I only have a double bed and a small closet in my bedroom. The room´s narrow and the bed's wide, so I have no space.

Listening builder contractions When people speak, they usually contrac verbs: He is calling from California! ---- He's calling from California! My home is not big. ---- My home isn´t big. I do not understand. ---- I don´t understand.

If someone needs something, we can ofter to help them:

- Ask if they need help: Are you all right? Do you need any help?

-Ask if you can help: Can I help you?

- Say what you will do: Just a minute. I'll check. Let me ask someone. I'll be right back.

Read the Skill box. Complete the conversation. Listen and check.

A 1 Do you need any help? B Yes, please. I'm looking for jackets. A2 I'll show where they are. B Thank you. Do you have this jacket in a large? A3 Let me ask someone . I'll be right back. ...Yes. Here you are. B Thank you very much.

Write the paragraph number for each topic.

1 old parts of Lisbon 2 2 when to visit 5 3 geographical information 1

4 an interesting day trip 3 5 where to eat and go out 4

Label the picture with the rooms and places in the box.

yard balcony kitchen bedroom living room bathroom(x2) dining room study garage hall attic basement stairs

Find the furniture items in the picture. Write the letters a-l.

1 armchair k 4 stove g 7 shelves c 10 closet b 2 bed a 5 cabinets h 8 sofa l 11 washing machine f 3 chairs i 6 desk n 9 table j 12 mirror e

What do you like doing when you visit a new city? Tell your partner.

Affirmative: I'm having a good time. He's carrying my bags. We´re taking a taxi home.

Grammar present continuous

Negative: I'm not enjoying this. It isn´t raining.

Questions and short answers: What´s Pete doing? Are you eating steak? Yes, I am. No, I'm not.

Complete the dialogues with the present continous form of the verbs. Then act out the dialogues in pairs.

1 A what are you doing (do) here? 2 A Is it snowing (snow)? 3 A Why is James wearing (wear) a suit? 4 A Are your friends leaving (leave) now? 5 A Who is Ben calling (call)?

B I 'm waiting (wait) for my friends. B No, it isn´t. It ´s raining (rain). B He is going (go) to a job interview. B Yes, they are. They ´re looking (look) for their umbrellas. B I don´t know. He isn´t talking (not/ talk) to Alex because Alex is here!

Label the pictures with the seasons. Then write a word from exercise 1 to describe the weather in each season.

spring , warm

summer, hot

fall, windy

winter, cold

Complete the chart. Then tell your partner about the activities that you during different seasons.

Season spring summer fall winter

Months March- May June- September September- November November- March

Weather warm hot windy cold

My activities picnic beach, pools play sports go parties

What is your favorite season? Tell your partner.

identifying key points- contractions- common adjectives

1 Match pictures a-h with the adjectives in the box

clean  narrow  light  traditional  heavy  wide  modern  dirty

Match the adjectives with their opposites.

1 expensive 2 clean 3 narrow 4 noisy 5 comfortable 6 heavy 7 modern

a wide b uncomfortable c light d cheap e traditional f dirty g quiet

I / you / he / she / it / we / they

+ I can play the piano. They can go to the city by bus. We can finish work early today. - She can´t speak Japanese. They can´t work at night. You can´t walk on the grass. ? Can she play the guitar? Can you come to my party? Can we park the car here? Y/N Yes, we can. / No, we can´t.

Read the text. What adjectives does the writer use to describe the places?

1 the Empire State Building. famous 2 4 Times Square. Interesting

3 the Brooklyn Brigde. fantastic, busy. 4 City Hall Park. Pretty small and special.

We use can and can´t to talk about: - ability. I can swim. My brother can play the guitar. I can´t speak Italian. My sister can´t cook.

- possibility. You can make money from your hobby. It can snow here in the winter. You can´t get there by bus.

- permission. You can take my umbrella. We can sit here. We can´t park on this street. You can´t use this gym if you´re not a member.

To make questions with can, we put can before the subject. We use the same form for all people.

Imagine you are the manager of a store. Decide the rules for your salesclerks. Complete the sentences with can or can´t.

You can´t wear your own clothes at work.

You can´t read magazines in the store.

You can drink coffee and tea when you´re at work.

You can use your phone in the store.

You can´t choose what time you have lunch.

You can´t get a discount when you buy things in the store.

Look at pictures and complete the sentences with the cities.

1 it's raining/ rainy in Liverpool. 2 It's snowing/ snowy in Stockholm. 3 It's hot in Mumbai.

4 It's warm in Barcelona. 5 It's very cold in St. Petersburg. 6 It's wet in Liverpool.

7 It's sunny in Barcelona. 8 It's foggy in San Francisco. 9 It's windy in Shangai.

10 It's cloudy in Mumbai. 11 It's icy in St. Petersburg. 12 It's cold in Stockholm.

Complete the sentences with the words in the box

snowing   hot   cold   raining   cloudy   foggy

1 It's hot.

2 It's cold.

3 It's snowing.

4 It's raining.

5 It's foggy

6 It's cloudy.

We use really and very to make an adjectives stronger.

The city is really big. The market is very busy on Saturdays.

We use pretty and not very to make an adjective weaker. If we use pretty, the adjective has the same meaning, but is weaker. If we use not very, the adjective has the opposite meaning.

The brigde is pretty old. The apartment's not very old.

We use not + adjective + at all to give a strong opposite meaning to an adjective.

The beach isn't crowded at all. The restaurant's not expensive at all.

John is staying in a hotel in New York City. Look at his feedback form about the hotel and complete the sentences with is/isn't and very/really (++), pretty (+), not very (x), or not ... at all (xx).