Intercultural Pragmatic

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Implicated Meaning in trans-cultural&nbsp;communication

X don't get the student as calibre as Y

Imply : the student at X aren't good as the student at Y

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Situation : I'd been accompanied by non-native visitor when I had the encounter with small boy

Small boy : Man Me : Is that your brother Small girl : Yes Me : It takes all sorts Mother : it certainly does

Implicature : It's mean your son is strange/weird

It takes all short is an idiom used by People&nbsp;to say someone seem strange to them, but it’s normal to be many different behavior in the worlds

some non- native speaker understand the meaning (idiom) but doesn’t understand about the implicature of why the speaker say that.

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Passenger &nbsp;: Excuse me lady can I have a drink Stewardess&nbsp;: one moment while I come back Passenger&nbsp; : Sure

The term lady can be honorifics, but sometimes for some people. Term “lady” have negative connotation because it is often used to seduce women on the street

Sure : usually used to indicate the request is accomplish, but there is no request from the stewardess

Petter : I should be back by eight, But you know what trains are like!

But = Metapragmatic Awareness (shows an awareness of the effects in the language)

I should be back by eight .... but ... you know what trains are like

Formula : You know what X are like ?

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Question : Could you classify each situation into communication type whether it’s intracultural, cross-cultural, intercultural or trans-cultural communication

Intracultural Communication

Cross-cultural communication

using lingua franca which is mother tongue of the native speaker

Intercultural Communication

Trans-cultural communication

Small boy : Man Me : Is that your brother Small girl : Yes

Is he your Brother

I use the marked expression That to indicate something, it could be that maybe I actually mad with the boy, or maybe feel disturbed by him or want to get revenge

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Question : What will happens when meanings are exchanged between people who don’t share a common culture?

Quizizz : specific-culture-knowledge

Specific-Culture-Knowledge

Passenger&nbsp;: Excuse me lady can I have a drink Stewardess&nbsp;: one moment while I come back Passenger&nbsp;: Sure

Question : What is the intercultural pragmatic phenomenon you can see in those conversation?

Dark wood

Can you tell me how to get from the airport to Rabat

How should I go from the airport to Rabat?

Both of them Talking to French speaker who live in Rabat

Should = encode the self-directed journey is to occur

go = indicate deictic center the location of the speaker already at the airport

Instead of request the travel instruction, Jill probably making request to be picked up at the airport

Speech Acts in trans-cultural&nbsp;communication

The passenger might be expecting the Stewardess&nbsp;to make some of this speech event that relate to the situation

Stars pattern

Example Situation : You’re an airline stewardess and a male passenger, some years

older than yourself calls you and explains that he’s found a dirty fork in his cutlery

•Passenger : Excuse me, I’m afraid I’ve got a dirty fork

(if you in the position of stewardess, what would you say?)

Clearly opposite from Polish

There have been communities of English speakers who aren’t British

Only a minority of those who speak English as a first language are British

Lingua Franca spread through over the world and became second language

There have been more non-native than native speaker of English since 1970s

There are significant numbers of people who are nationality British but don’t speak English as a first language

Levinson (1987a, 2000) also reduced to three neo- Gricean pragmatic principles: 

Speaker: Do not say less than is required (bearing the I- principle in mind).

Speaker: Do not say more than is required (bearing the Q- principle in mind).

Speaker: Do not use a marked expression without reason.

Trans-cultural communication&nbsp;and high and low Contexts

“Would you like to come back to my place for coffee”

invitation for stay in his home and doing something (depends on the culture)

"Babe, I'm home alone tonight" : informations or invitations ?

Low &amp; High Context : theory of Edward T. Hall

Lingua Franca : language that use by people with different first language to communicate (not mother tongue of people who use it)

Some language are closely associated with distinct cultural groups

Such as particularyly in Europe, where national border and language use frequently coincide, virtually everyone who speaks Polish is pole, it’s rare for someone to consider themselves a pole unless they speak the language