Twinning Guidebook

Velha Universidade de Coimbra (Old University)

•&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The University of Coimbra is one of the oldest universities in Europe. Interestingly, it was originally founded in Lisbon in 1290 by King Dinis, but was transferred to Coimbra in 1537 and located in what used to be a medieval palace. Partly rebuilt in the 17th and 18th centuries in Baroque and neoclassical styles, this is the Old University where some of the most celebrated tourist attractions in Coimbra can be found. •&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The stunning eye-opener that is the Biblioteca Joanina is reason enough to visit this venerable institution. The 18th-century library, named after its benefactor, João V, is a sumptuous feast of gilt and exotic wood and trompe-l'oeil decoration. The lacquered bookcases are lined with nearly 300,000 medieval books and manuscripts from all parts of Portugal.

The Market Square is one of the largest market squares in Europe. It is surrounded by 60 tenement houses and 11 streets. In its undergrounds functions one of the oldest restaurants in Europe: Piwnica Świdnicka.

The&nbsp;library of Celsus&nbsp;is one of the ancient Roman&nbsp;constructions in&nbsp;Ephesus and today, belong to Anatolia, Turkey. It was built for roman senator Celsus. Celsus paid for the building of the library with his own opulence . Celsus had his own statue in there but today, you can find this statue in&nbsp;Istanbul museum of archaeology. It&nbsp;was built in 117 A.D. The capacity of the library was more than 12,000 scrolls and it was the third richest library in ancient times after the Alexandra and Pergamum.&nbsp; 14.000 books were supposed to be in there. Library of Celsus has a great architecture and you can visit this historical building in İzmir.&nbsp;

Special thanks to those who made great effort to prepare this magazine.

Thanks to all Polish, Portugese and Turkish students..

Editor Ceyda YAYLAZ

Supervisors Magdalena BONAR Liliane SANTOS Ceyda YAYLAZ

Cover by Robert Rakoczy Arda Tunalı Bruna Mendes

Videos by Ahmet Hakan Keleş Beren Erdem Cristiano Castanheira Miguel Garrido

Authors Karolina Mauer Şevval Çınar Selen Basın Müberra Güney Naiet Cristo Ana Carokina Santos Neyma Pereira Rocy Fernandes

It’s one of the most popular places in Turkey that you can visit. It located in Beyoğlu, Taksim, İstanbul. It is an important medieval stone tower with its splendid architecture. The Galata Tower was originally built around 6th century. The structure has accompanied many civilizations. It used as a watch tower. Now it’s one of the best touristic attractions in the Turkey. Galata Tower was the tallest building in Istanbul at 219.5 ft when it was built in 1348. There is a restaurant and cafe on its upper floors which have views of Istanbul. On the top of the Tower there’s a glamorous view. It shows a panoramic vista of Istanbul. It’s definitely worth to see! Also there is a myth about the tower that you will get married with the person you go there

Cappadocia is situated in the middle of Turkey, in central Anatolia. The region is mostly known by the three popular towns of Goreme, Urgup and Uchisar but actually it is the name of the very big region spread through the cities of Nevsehir, Kirsehir, Nigde, Aksaray and Kayseri. Cappadocia is famous for its unique rock formations and amazing hot air ballooning opportunities.

Göbekli Tepe is one of the most mysterious historical place in the world, The place where civilization was born. This place is in Şanlıurfa and it is very important for humanity. Göbeklitepe is a turkish word and its mean is "Potbelly Hill". This is the largest and oldest known temple in history.&nbsp;It was discovered in 1963 during joint research by Istanbul University and University of Chicago. Göbekli Tepe belongs to the Neolithic age. The site is believed to be 12.000 years old. The place which is zero point of human history is on the UNESCO world culture heritage list. Also, 2019 was annoncued as the "Year of Göbekli Tepe" in Turkey. Göbekli Tepe is very famous and important for history. There is here a lot of stelos which has symbols and&nbsp;these symbols are still mysterious. If you visit there, you can learn a lot of things about human history.

Salt mine Wieliczka

The Wieliczka Salt Mine is one of the best tourist attractions in Poland. It is featured on the list of UNESCO World Heritage, while also being one of Poland’s official national Historic Monuments. It is visited by millions of people every year. The mine is filled with corridors, statues and chapels. There is even an underground lake, and you can get married here!

Japanese gardens are a miniature landscape. Their most characteristic elements are the varied topography, water in the from of picturesque streams and pands, stone imitating rocks and beautiful plants with fanciful shapes

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&nbsp;Białowieski Park Narodowy is a National Park in Podlaskie voivodeship. It is home to the world’s largest population of European bison. Bisons are even featured on the park’s logo! The park is often called the "last untouched wilderness of Europe”

The Peneda-Gerês National Park, in the far northwest of Portugal between Upper Minho and Trás-os-Montes, is the only Portuguese protected area classified as a such. It is a world apart in which human activity and nature are harmoniously integrated, preserving ancient values and traditions clearly evident in the village communities of Pitões das Júnias and Tourém.

     The lush vegetation in all shades of green includes a forest of holly, the only one in Portugal, and endemic species such as the Gerês lily, which brightens up the fields with its shades of violet-blue. Rivers and streams flow through the Peneda, Soajo, Amarela and Gerês mountain ranges, which comprise the park, rushing down in waterfalls and then spreading out into reservoirs. The landscapes are breathtaking.

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Algarve Beaches

The Algarve as a whole is one of the warmest places of Southern Europe, with an Atlantic influenced Mediterranean climate, it has mild wet winters and warm to very hot, dry summers The Algarve’s Western Atlantic coast is a favourite with surfers; the beaches here are more exposed and much less busy than the southern coastline. The western end of the Algarve is a series of sheltered coves and bays, nestling amongst the rocks, interspersed with long stretches of golden sands on beaches like Meia Praia (Lagos), Alvor, Praia da Rocha and Armação de Pêra.

The beaches at the eastern end are backed by gentle sand dunes and stretch from Vila Real to Cabanas uninterrupted. Around Tavira,Olhão and Faro the beaches are sandspits (ilhas), accessed by water taxis across the lagoons of the Ria Formosa Reserves (if you fancy a day on a ‘tropical island’, do try one of these!).

In the middle, the lovely beaches of Albufeira and Olhos d’Água, backed by multicoloured cliffs, meet the beaches of Vilamoura and Quarteira which stretch forever.&nbsp;

Bodrum is a perfect choice for your holidays! It’s located in Muğla, Turkey. Bodrum is one of the most popular holiday destinations of Turkey with its gorgeous sea, natural beauty, forests, historical sites, restaurants, nightclubs, recommended hotels. It’s a very recommended holiday destination because of its clear and lively sea. Bodrum is an excellent place for your summer holidays. There are popular restaurants and cafes with a lovely seaside view. You can eat your meal with a sea view next to you. And you can spend your day on a beach, you can sunbath, swim.&nbsp;

    Besides, Halicarnassus Ancient City one of the most important historical places in Bodrum. And there is a lot of place you can visit such as Bodrum Antique Theatre, Bodrum Museum Of Underwater Archaeology etc

Mosteiro de Lorvão

Situated in a beautiful deep valley called&nbsp;Lorvão, nearby Penacova, in the Central region of the Country, this is one of the most ancient Monasteries in Europe, as according to many theories, its foundation dates back to the 6th century. Others say that its foundation was probably after the Christian conquest in 878.

In fact, the first official documents known relating to Lorvão’s Monastery date from 878 and are testimony of an important community that has performed an essential role in the repopulation of the region.

Around 1200, the monastery passed to the Cistercian order by the daughter of the Portuguese king D. Sancho the 1st, D. Teresa, and passed to a Feminine Congregation. The tomb of D. Teresa is still present in the Main Chapel of the Church.

&nbsp;"It is the heart, the brain and the spirit of Istanbul."

Cappadocia has also been home to many civilizations since the stone age throughout history. Using the advantage of the structure of the region many houses, churches, chapels and underground cities were built. This is how most of the fairy chimneys are located inside. All these were built in an invisible way to hide the people living here during the period, especially from the pressure, persecution and invasion of the Roman Empire and became the living space of hundred thousands of people. Landscapes of Cappadocia are one of Turkey’s most popular natural wonders. Cappadocia was once the heartland of the Hittite Empire and now a main tourist destination with plenty of interesting places to discover. The name Cappadocia derives from the Persian word ‘Katpaktukya’ which means ‘the land of beautiful horses’. The Cappadocia region is the place where nature and history beautifully come together. There are number of underground cities in Cappadocia. Many are open to visitors, however, a lot of the land in the area is private property. There are so many fascinating things to see in Cappadocia that you can spend a lifetime there and still discover new places.

The Grand Bazaar one of the oldest trade centers in the world. Once you enter it, history dates back 550 years. Bazaar built in the middle of the 14th century. According to the study, the Bazaar reaches 91 million and 250,000 visitors a year. The Grand Bazaar is located in Beyazid, the heart of Istanbul, within walking distance of Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque, as well as a number of popular attractions. In the Grand Bazaar, you will experience a unique shopping pleasure that you will not find in Istanbul's major malls. And he Bazaar is surrounded by eleven main doors. If you enter the roofed market or the Grand Bazaar in Istanbul, you will not leave before you get enchanted by the Turkish coffee. I highly recommend this place to visit.

Dunajec is a river running through southern Poland. It starts in Nowy Targ and forms a border between Poland and Slovakia. Dunajec is Poland’s thirteenth longest river.

Białowieski Park Narodowy

&nbsp;Royal Castle in Wawel

The Castle is absolutely wonderful. It’s massive, the main courtyard is in Italian style, and the building in whole represents almost all European architectural styles, like: medieval, renaissance and baroque. This place is also a museum, a quite fancy one in fact. You can find here many paintings, sculptures, textiles and ceramics.&nbsp;