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Nano4Green

by Mariana Reis, Beatriz Carneiro, Beatriz Santos

Pages 4 and 5 of 81

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Resumo
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Neste projeto desenvolve-se uma solução sustentável para a remoção de iões de metais pesados (como, por exemplo, o mercúrio, o chumbo e o níquel) de águas contaminadas. Com este processo de remediação ambiental pretende-se reduzir o impacto da atividade humana no meio ambiente (visto que estes metais não são biodegradáveis e são acumulados por longos períodos de tempo) e diminuir os casos de intoxicação por estes iões que podem ser tóxicos para o organismo quando consumidos, podendo causar danos em vários órgãos do corpo (como pulmões, rins e até cérebro) e, em casos extremos, morte.
Esta solução, ao contrário dos processos utilizados atualmente para a remoção de iões de metais pesados, é mais simples, rápida, sustentável e economicamente viável.
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Palavras-Chave: Remediação ambiental; Metais pesados; Águas contaminadas; Sustentável; Tóxicos; Economicamente Viável; Rápida; Simples
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Keywords: environmental remediation; iron oxides; magnetic separation; nanoparticles; project-based learning
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Abstract
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The presence of heavy metal ions in wastewater treated by incorrect forms can generate impacts for the environment and human health, since these contaminants stay accumulated for years, they are not biodegradable, and can be toxic or can cause damage to various organs of the human body (such as lungs, kidneys and even the brain) when consumed. Additionally, currently used technologies for the removal of heavy metal ions are difficult to implement and involve high costs. Therefore, there is a need to develop new processes that are more economically viable, simple, sustainable and easy to use. 12th grade Chemistry students, working in partnership with the Faculty of Science of the University of Porto, used the Project-based learning (PBL) methodology to develop a project for the removal of heavy metal ions from contaminated waters, through magnetic separation. The project consists in synthesizing and characterizing nanoparticles composed by iron oxides surrounded by porous silica in a core-shell configuration Fe₃O₄@SiO₂. By doing so, it`s possible to combine the high adsorption ability of porous silica with the magnetic separation from the magnetite nanoparticles. The system allows, after treatment, the efficient and simple removal of the adsorbent from a large volume of water by applying an external magnetic field.
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Keywords: environmental remediation; iron oxides; magnetic separation; nanoparticles; project-based learning
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