Structures & Mechanisms

A collection of science books, made in Book Creator.

Science books

Answer the following based on your prior knowledge

What natural phenomena may affect structures?

What are some examples of natural structures?

What are examples of man-made structures?

Watch the video about a prototype home in Japan

These houses can survive natural disasters

1. Why do you think people might consider building this type of home? 2. What do you think makes this home better than traditional ones? 3. Do you see any problems with this house in Canada?

External forces act upon an object from outside of the object. Gravity is a great example of an external force as it pulls structures to the Earth's centre. It acts on the structure from the outside. Wind is another example because it pushes on the outside of objects. When you sit on a chair, your weight is an external force acting on the chair.

Internal forces also act upon an object from the inside not the outside. An internal force is caused by one part of a structure acting on another part. The legs on a table must withstand the force of the tabletop.

Forces-(Part-6)- Internal and External Forces | Science|Grade-4,5|TutWay|

A force is any push or pull. It can cause an object to change its movement or shape. Structures need to be built to withstand all the forces it may be subject to. If a structure is not built properly it might fall down. There are two main types of forces that act upon structures- external and internal.

FORCE AND MOTION

A static load is a permanent force that acts on a structure. It includes the weight of the structure.

A dynamic load is a force that changes over time and acts on structures. The force of the wind and the weight of the structure (or things on a structure) are examples of dynamic load.

Answers: A static B static C dynamic D dynamic E dynamic

Is an External or Internal Force acting on object?

Answers: A internal B internal C external D external E external F external G external H internal

A solid structure uses solid materials to support a load and most are solid all the way through. A solid structure weighs more than a structure of the same size that is hollow. Examples include: mountains, dams and even apples!

A frame structure uses different parts that are fastened together. These parts are sometimes called structural components. They can just be a frame (a goalie's net) or covered in something (a car). Examples include: a house frame, umbrella and spider's web.

A shell structure is a strong, curved and hollow structure like an igloo. Shell structures often have space inside of them and make good containers. Since they don't have a lot of material, they are quite light. Examples include: eggs (and their container) and helmets.

Many structures are combination structures because they are a combinations of shell, frame and solid structures. Examples include: car, bridge and a house.

Create a science poster to explain a concept learned using 'Motivational Poster' template

<a href="https://docs.google.com/drawings/d/1Nh62HAK9QjuFQCbp0JIBUegf6NBfo412h7ofyuaCm3w/copy">Horizontal 'Motivational Poster' Template</a>

<a href="https://docs.google.com/drawings/d/1LtDmccVw3EJmxxdnf5OBil9U93hUHe-6Jq-aWs4oVHM/copy">Vertical 'Motivational Poster' Template</a>

Icons from <a href="http://flaticon.com">flaticon.com</a>

Clouds pattern

Truss Bridge This bridge has a truss (a structure made to form a triangle). It has a pier on either end to support the bridge, along with strong bars that extend from both sides of bridge.

Suspension Bridge This bridge has two pairs of pillars at either end of bridge with cables in between. Vertical cables (suspended) are attached to main cables. You can usually find this bridge over water or a canyon.

What Makes Bridges So Strong?

Grade 5 - Forces Part 1

Grade 5 - Forces Part 2

An example of an external force that threatens a structure is weather. Bridges are built to withstand the weight of cars/trucks, wind, rain and other natural forces. Basically, it is weight! All of these outside forces are dynamic (moving) loads. A bridge or any other structure also has to deal with static (non-moving) loads such as the materials used to build it and the load of gravity. Internal forces are constantly acting on structures. There are four internal forces that act on structures- compression, tension, shear and torsion. (watch short videos on next page if unsure)

Use the pen to match the word to the definition

A force that squeezes or presses something together

A force that stretches apart to expand or lengthen

A force that pushes in opposite directions

Five Forces, animated at MIT (3:11)

Compression and Tension

Static Vs. Dynamic Load

Arch Bridge An old bridge design that has abutments (supports at both ends). The arch is stronger as load is spread out instead of pushing down. Sometimes a bridge will have multiple arches.

Beam Bridge The oldest and most common type of bridge. There is a support on either end of the bridge. You will see this bridge on highways.

Lake Pontchartrain Causeway&nbsp; USA

Classifying Structures

Answers: A shell B shell C solid D frame E frame F solid G solid H frame I solid

What Is An Earthquake? | The Dr. Binocs Show | Educational Videos For Kids

Hurricane | The Dr. Binocs Show | Educational Videos For Kids

Tsunami | The Dr. Binocs Show | Educational Videos For Kids

What is a Tornado? The Dr. Binocs Show | Best Learning Videos For Kids | Peekaboo Kidz

LANDSLIDE - The Dr. Binocs Show | Best Learning Videos For Kids | Peekaboo Kidz

FLOODS - The Dr. Binocs Show | Best Learning Videos For Kids | Peekaboo Kidz

What are some of the impacts that natural phenomena have on the natural and built environments?

What makes a strong and stable structure?

How do humans and animals make use of structures?

Animal Use of Structures

Name

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