Saturday's Talk Show - A story from Malawi

Una repository di storytelling a fumetti: come e perché perseguire gli obiettivi 3 e 13 dell'Agenda 2030.

LA SALUTE E L'AMBIENTE - EDUCAZIONE CIVICA -Classe 3A LS

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When I was in Malawi, I was involved in helping women during pregnancy and childbirth.

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Giulia will tell us her 
 story as A volunteer, NOW!

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55% of Malawi's 19,594,000 inhabitants are under 19 years of age.&nbsp;There are fewer than 400 doctors&nbsp;throughout the country for treatment, and among them, there are practically no paediatricians, except for some expatriates operating at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Blantyre.&nbsp;The intensity rate of diseases such as HIV, tuberculosis, malaria and cholera are among the highest in the world and the national health system is currently unable to meet the needs of the population.

<a href="https://www.everydayhealth.com/tuberculosis/guide/risk-factors-causes-prevention/https://mashable.com/2015/09/06/malawis-prisons-overcrowded/?europe=truehttps://sites.google.com/site/magnificentmalawi/home/richness--poverty">https://www.everydayhealth.com/tuberculosis/guide/risk-factors-causes-prevention/https://mashable.com/2015/09/06/malawis-prisons-overcrowded/?europe=truehttps://sites.google.com/site/magnificentmalawi/home/richness--poverty</a><a href="https://www.trtworld.com/africa/death-toll-from-malawi-flooding-rises-to-28-almost-227-000-people-affected-24823">https://www.trtworld.com/africa/death-toll-from-malawi-flooding-rises-to-28-almost-227-000-people-affected-24823</a> <a href="http://www.lifegate.com/people/news/malawi-drought-state-of-emergency">http://www.lifegate.com/people/news/malawi-drought-state-of-emergency</a> <a href="https://www.liputan6.com/regional/read/2974533/tertahan-di-ponpes-2-santri-al-zaytun-disebut-tak-diberi-makan">https://www.liputan6.com/regional/read/2974533/tertahan-di-ponpes-2-santri-al-zaytun-disebut-tak-diberi-makan</a><a href="http://www.meteoweb.eu/2019/10/malnutrizione-cambiamenti-climatici/1326997/">http://www.meteoweb.eu/2019/10/malnutrizione-cambiamenti-climatici/1326997/</a>

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Thank you for being here with us this evening and for helping us to better understand the difficult health situation in Malawi.&nbsp;If you have new experiences in the future, we look forward to hearing about them.&nbsp;Maybe some of our viewers will take an example from you and start volunteering in some developing country.

Thank you for inviting me, if there is the opportunity I'll come again for sure!

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The instability of health and water structures is one of the major causes of the transmission of infections and diseases in developing countries and in particular in Africa.&nbsp;&nbsp;

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Tell us about the instability of health and water structures.

Infectious agents are mostly contained in faeces, where flies and mosquitoes can reproduce, lay their eggs and spread the infection;&nbsp;faeces also attract other animals, increasing the risk of spreading.

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Thank you for joining us this evening! if you found Giulia's story interesting, I invite you to start volunteering and come back here to hear new stories!

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Most cases of tuberculosis (TB) are caused by&nbsp;Mycobacterium tuberculosis; tubercle bacilli are most often transmitted by inhalation of droplets produced by a patient who has pulmonary TB.

TB in children differs from that in adults in several ways: the younger the child, the greater the risk of developing active disease following infection. Lymphatic and blood spread occur more commonly, resulting in a greater risk of extrapulmonary TB.

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In Malawi, about 634 women per 100000 birth die out in childbirth. The main causes are infections, hypertensive crisis and bleeding after childbirth.

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In Malawi, malnutrition rates remain unacceptably high: around 46% of children under five have growth delays and 21% are underweight. Malnutrition is the leading cause of infant death.

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what do you know about malnutrition? could you tell us something?

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A terrible combination of floods and droughts is devastating crops in South Africa, bringing people to the brink of survival. The situation is only likely to get worse in the coming months. During this time of crisis, the daily meal offered by Mary's Meals not only gives the strength to go to school but offers vital support for children who are in a desperate state of hunger and malnutrition.

TB is a poverty-related disease; associated with poor living conditions, poor nutritional status and, poor access to health services. The majority of countries that have a heavy TB burden are classified as low income;&nbsp;Malawi is among the 10 poorest countries in the world.

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Malawi has experienced urbanisation and overcrowding in the last two decades. About half of all TB cases in Malawi are reported from the urban districts.

Mortality among TB patients in Malawi has changed from less than 10% in the early 1980s to a present average of 20% among new smear-positive TB patients and 30 to 50% among smear-negative and extra-pulmonary TB patients.

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In Malawi about 42 children per thousand die out each year before reaching one year of age, mainly due to malaria and malnutrition.

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Several cultural and social barriers, such as lack of equal access to resources by women, high female illiteracy and household decision-making by males regarding the seeking of healthcare services, continue to restrict access to interventions by women and children.

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Luckily Intermittent Preventative Treatment in Pregnancy and other preventive treatments, for example vaccines, have increased in recent years.

<a href="https://www.pixton.com">https://www.pixton.com</a> personaggi e sfondi Immagini: <a href="https://th.bing.com/th/id/OIP.1zEANWgX-NEEKyWd7j1qngHaEK?pid=ImgDet&amp;rs=1">https://th.bing.com/th/id/OIP.1zEANWgX-NEEKyWd7j1qngHaEK?pid=ImgDet&amp;rs=1</a> <a href="https://doctorswithafrica.org/la-nostra-voce/news/25-aprile-2017-malaria-day-il-nostro-impegno-continua/">https://doctorswithafrica.org/la-nostra-voce/news/25-aprile-2017-malaria-day-il-nostro-impegno-continua/</a> <a href="https://www.donboscoland.it/it/page/com-e-lo-stato-di-salute-dei-bambini-nel-mondo">https://www.donboscoland.it/it/page/com-e-lo-stato-di-salute-dei-bambini-nel-mondo</a> <a href="https://theconversation.com/what-africa-still-needs-to-do-to-eliminate-malaria-76526">https://theconversation.com/what-africa-still-needs-to-do-to-eliminate-malaria-76526</a> <a href="https://www.vice.com/en/article/bmv74z/malaria-vaccine-can-cause-negative-rebound-effect-study-says">https://www.vice.com/en/article/bmv74z/malaria-vaccine-can-cause-negative-rebound-effect-study-says</a> <a href="http://www.blantyremalaria.org/spartans/">http://www.blantyremalaria.org/spartans/</a> <a href="https://www.worldvision.org/health-news-stories/malaria-burundi-half-country-sick">https://www.worldvision.org/health-news-stories/malaria-burundi-half-country-sick</a> <a href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn27770-laser-tricorder-can-diagnose-malaria-through-the-skin/">https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn27770-laser-tricorder-can-diagnose-malaria-through-the-skin/</a>

The intensity of transmission depends on factors related to the parasite, the vector, the human host, and the environment. Transmission is more intense in places where the mosquito lifespan is longer and where it prefers to bite humans rather than other animals. The long lifespan and strong human-biting habit of the African vector species is the main reason why approximately 90% of the world's malaria cases are in Africa.

Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes.&nbsp;

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since you told us about malaria, could we know more about its symptoms and how is it transmitted?&#160;

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Malaria is an acute febrile illness. In a non-immune individual, symptoms usually appear 10-15 days after the infective mosquito bite. The first symptoms - fever, headache, and chills - may be mild and difficult to recognize as malaria. If not treated within 24 hours, malaria can progress to severe illness, often leading to death.

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Malawi is among the top 20 countries with the highest malaria prevalence and mortality rates. About 7.4% of all malaria cases in Eastern and Southern Africa occur in Malawi. Between 2015 and 2018, the case burden for malaria stagnated at between 214 to 217 per 1000 of the population at risk while deaths fell by about 13% from 0.41 to 0.36 per 1000 of the population at risk.

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Malaria epidemics can occur when climate and other conditions suddenly favour transmission in areas where people have little or no immunity to malaria. They can also occur when people with low immunity move into areas with intense malaria transmission, for instance, to find work, or as refugees.

Partial immunity is developed over years of exposure, and while it never provides complete protection, it does reduce the risk that malaria infection will cause severe disease. For this reason, most malaria deaths in Africa occur in young children, whereas in areas with less transmission and low immunity, all age groups are at risk.

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on the other hand, in the last year alone, the effects of overweight and obesity have caused a total of 4 million deaths, demonstrating how in the continuous evolution of the global nutritional landscape nutrition has increasing repercussions on our health and on the relationship we have with food.

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Paper texture

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Hi ladies and gentlemen! Welcome back to our interview appointment...

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as usual, today we have as a guest someone who will tell us his story

this story will surely make us think about life and how peopLE live around the world&#160;

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here's giulia, a volunteer who has been in Malawi

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I'm glad to be here today! I have butterflies in my stomach.

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Other diseases, non-communicable and linked to wastewater, are due to the presence of pollutants such as pesticides, heavy metals, which cause effects both on the environment and on human health: carcinogenic effects or problems such as saturnism (linked to the presence of lead). These pathologies occur more frequently in the vicinity of urban areas, or (in) any case, are often linked to a failure to treat industrial waste.

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