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History:The movement for the Independence of the United States took place at the turn of the 1770s to the 1780s and triggered a war whose end, in 1783, sealed the autonomy of the Thirteen Colonies. The Declaration of Independence was drafted and signed on July 4, 1776. One of the elements that had great weight in the acceleration of independence was the Seven Years' War (1756-1763), that is, the war fought in North America between Englishmen and French for land ownership.
The Seven Years' War, won by the English with broad support from the colonists who already lived there, resulted in the annexation of lands previously belonging to the French. The settlers who were already on the new continent thought they could benefit from these lands as a spoil of war, but the English crown had other plans: to assign the new lands to new settlers who came from England to occupy them.
In addition, other factors contributed to a growing sense of revolt on the part of the colonists, such as the British crown's tax restrictions known as Prohibitive Laws. One of these laws, the Stamp Act, enacted in 1765, was imposed on settlers after the war against the French, with the aim of removing England from the damage resulting from military spending. The tightening of the Stamp Law provided for the printing of a real stamp on all products so that they could circulate as certified goods, generating an expensive expense for producers.
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Another of these laws, that of the Tea Tax, was the main vector of the revolt against England. In 1770, five people protesting against this law in the city of Boston were murdered by the English guard. A wave of boycotts at the orders of the English crown came after that. In December 1773, some settlers disguised themselves as Indians and entered the port of Boston to throw teabags from the West Indian Company, rival of American tea, into the sea. This affront to the British became known as the Boston Tea Party, a fact that gave rise to one of the most solid conservative political movements in the United States.The climate of dissatisfaction and revolt contaminated many of the settlers, including some who were not in favor of the previous confrontation with the English crown. Among the leaders were the names of Thomas Jefferson, Samuel Adams, Richard Lee and Benjamin Franklin, who organized the First Continental Congress in Philadelphia in April 1775, where the Enlightenment-inspired bill of rights was drafted. On April 10, 1775, the first combat took place at Lexington between royal troops and settler militias. Other fighting took place in Concord and Bunker Hill.
The following year, on July 4, 1776, the Second Continental Congress took place, in which the Declaration of Independence was drafted and the colonial army was created, which faced the English army more adequately. In the years that followed, the battles won by American colonists, mainly with the help of Spanish and French, ended up solidifying the autonomy of the USA.
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