Foz de Lumbier

How they formed this foz? What proof exist from this?

The Foz the Lumbier is a gorge excavate for the river Irati over the rock limestone in the extreme occidental from the irati mountain range, at the foot of the Navarrese Pyrenees, that is, at 40 kilometre from Pamplona. The throat be delimit for steep walls of rock that it transform in one mousetrap, is one of the throat more spectacular os Navarre. A landscape cultivated at long of million of years for the action from the river Irati that, day at day, keep mark their footprint. It can agree to through two directions: Lumbier and Liedéna.

What other important geological formations are there in the area?

Lumbier enjoys a varied and spectacular landscape. The rivers Irati and Salazar run through its territory and form the imposing and famous gorges of Lumbier and Arbayún.

These formations (canyons, gorges) were excavated by rivers that flowed through a formation of rocks not very resistant to erosion superimposed on other more resistant ones. Cliffs of La Piedra and San Adrián, where you can find several natural arches, the fruits of erosion. The cliffs of the Sierra de Leire and the beautiful landscapes that form the Irati and Salazar rivers contribute to increase the beauty of the place.

What kinds of rocks predominate in the soil?

It is an interesting canyon dug by the Irati river in the limestone rock near the Sierra de Leyre. It is just over 1 km long, running between almost vertical walls 150 to 400 metre high.

Describe the main biotic and abiotic factors of the ecosystem

Biotic factors: Here is the most important colony of common vulture in the entire Pyrenees. They also nest golden eagles, Egyptian vultures, peregrine falcons, Bonelli's eagles, real owls, crows and a long etc. Wild boar, fox, badger, fuina, wild cat, genet and weasel abound, and roe deer and otters are more rare.

Abiotic factors: Brave escarpments where birds nest; a river of clean and fresh waters that carves narrow and capricious steps into the rocks; the remains of a bridge that, according to legend, was built with the help of the devil; two tunnels that once crossed the first electric train in Spain.

What is the typical flora and fauna of this ecosystem?

In the Foz de Lumbier you can find an important colony of birds such as vultures, Egyptian vultures, king swifts, jackdaws, solitary rockers, rock planes and wild pigeons. They also inhabit madrillas, mountain barbels, chipas and slabs. Regarding the flora, you can see holm oaks, junipers, boxwood and ivy that appear on the cliffs of this canyon. The vegetation is abundant and of a great variety and floristic richness. They can be seen from holm oaks, Albares pines, ash trees, hazelnuts ... even beech trees.

Make a possible food chain. What effect does the current climate have on the area?

In the Foz de Lumbier you can find an important colony of birds: vultures, Egyptian vultures, king swifts, jackdaws, solitary rockers, rock planes and wild pigeons. They also inhabit madrillas, mountain barbels, chipas and slabs.

Here is the most important colony of common vulture in the entire Pyrenees. They also nest golden eagles, Egyptian vultures, peregrine falcons, Bonelli's eagles, real owls, crows and a long etc. Wild boar, fox, badger, fuina, wild cat, genet and weasel abound, and roe deer and otters are more rare.

Vultures and all the scavenger species eat eagles and more raptors, later foxes, genets, wildcats and badgers eat wild boars, weasels, roe deer and otters, and those eat the plants.

The climate can affect to bird migrations and can also displace animal species to other areas.

Bibliography

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