This book was edited by the student participants of the  Erasmus+  Discover - Understand - Enjoy - Share project. Students collected and shared information about Hungary, and its culture.

Discoveries in Hungary

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Palvin Barbara: She is a Hungarian fashion model, who was born in 1993. Her career started in 2006 (she was 13). In 2008 she appeared in the ELLE magazine, then in 2009 she signed a contract with IMG Model. She debuted in the runway in 2010 February. She worked and still works with the biggest fashion companies. In 2012 she became L’Oreal’s ambassador, and at the end of this year Victoria’s Secret selected her in their fashion show. It was the biggest accomplishment in her career. She won the model of the year award in 2011 and 2012. In 2017 she worked With Karl Lagerfeld. In 2018 Victoria’s Secret selected her again in their fashion show, and in 2019 she became a Victoria’s Secret Angel, so she became the official model of the brand (she is the only Hungarian model in the Victoria’s Secret team).

His father was an immigrant from Hungary while his mother was the daughter of an immigrant from Austria and an American dentist fashion designer who launched the company that would later become Calvin Klein Inc., in 1968. In addition to clothing, he also has given his name to a range of perfumes, watches, and jewellery.

Bereczki Zoltán is a Hungarian actor and singer. His name is known everywhere in Hungary, mostly because of the play Romeo and Juliet (where he played Mercutio) which was very popular in Hungary because Hungarian theater is one of the best in the world.&nbsp;His music is also very well-known, everyone grew up on them.&nbsp;

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- Washing and setting the table is forbidden, because it will get someone killed. - It's forbidden to take out the garbage, because it pours the luck out of the house. - On New Year's Day, do not take anything out of the house, because "the cow's profit is gone". - On the first day of the New Year, people tried to refrain from quarreling and domestic quarrels. - Do not call a doctor or go to the doctor on this day, because then you will spend the next year with illness. A tooth that aches on New Year's Eve indicates procrastination, something that should not be rolled over into the New Year. - It was forbidden to borrow or lend anything, including money or utensils. Anyone who had borrowed something earlier would return it to the owner by New Year's Day. - It was forbidden for women to go out of the house on New Year's Day, because if the first guest was a woman, bad luck would befall the housekeepers.

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Modern music

There are several new types of music genres, that weren’t always in the music industry. These new types are the following: rap, rock, remix, techno.

Rap: Rapping means fast, musical speaking. It’s based on disco and funky beats and may consist bass and some instruments as well. Rock: everything that was born after rock and roll Remix: a new method of making music. they use digital devices, computers instead of bands and instruments. Techno: electronic dance music

Franz Liszt (Hungarian: Liszt Ferencz) was a Hungarian composer, virtuoso pianist, conductor, music teacher, arranger, and organist of the Romantic era. He was additionally a philanthropist, Hungarian nationalist Franciscan tertiary. He is one of the most famous pianist in the world. His name is mentioned in a lot of popular International movies.

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The consumption of traditional food also brings abundance, fertility and especially material wealth. Eating lentils, beans, or any small grain food brings good luck. The pig will push the ground forward, or "push out luck", and its kunkori tail can even be grabbed, thus guaranteeing your luck for the coming year. However, eating casseroles, chicken or fowl is forbidden, because they kick backwards and scrape away your luck.

Vajdahunyad Castle: the castle was originally supposed to function as a temporary exhibition, so the first version was literally made of cardboard and wood. However, it later became so popular with visitors that a more stable version was built shortly afterwards, in 1904.

Gellért Bath: Budapest has the largest number of baths among the major cities of Europe and even the world, which has officially been the city of baths and the permanent seat of the international Bath Association since 1937. We learned a lot about Turkish rule in history lessons, quite a lot of negatives, and relatively few positives, but in any case, this world record is clearly due to the Turks and the bathing mania of the Islamic religion. As Budapest has excellent waters with its 118 medicinal springs, there is a spa in almost every district of Budapest.

Budapest is The Thermal Bath Capital of The World.

Paprika anyone? Whenever you hear paprika, Hungarian food probably comes to mind first as it’s the Hungarian cuisine spice. But Hungarian food is so much more than paprika, the dish that makes heavy use of paprika and which is Hungarian cuisine’s most popular export.

...and some of the rare ones

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Rosalia longicorn

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Swallowtails butterfly

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In 2002, the UNESCO World Heritage Committee inscribed Tokaji Aszu on the World Heritage List as the Tokaj-Hegyalja Historic Wine Region Cultural Landscape.

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Hungarian culture has many typical and unconventional traditions and customs. Since Hungarians are considered to be very friendly, hospitable and open, you will learn of these in no time.

<a href="https://azutazo.hu/elmarad-a-mohacsi-busojaras/">https://bit.ly/3M8g13g</a>

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CAVES OF AGGTELEK KARST AND SLOVAK KARST

The variety of formations and the fact that they are concentrated in a restricted area means that the 712 caves currently identified make up a typical temperate-zone karstic system. 

Because they display an extremely rare combination of tropical and glacial climatic effects, they make it possible to study geological history over tens of millions of years.

Parchment

The symbol of Hortobágy is 167.3 meters long and it has nine arches. For centuries it played a very important role in trading.&nbsp; The stone Bridge was built in 1827, before that it was just a wooden bridge. It was designed by Povolny Ferenc.

<a href="https://www.hnp.hu/hu/szervezeti-egyseg/turizmus/oldal/kilenclyuku-hid">https://www.hnp.hu/hu/szervezeti-egyseg/turizmus/oldal/kilenclyuku-hid</a><a href="https://hortobagy.hu/latnivalok/kilenclyuku-hid/">https://hortobagy.hu/latnivalok/kilenclyuku-hid/</a> <a href="https://mandadb.hu/tetel/619232/Hortobagyi_Csarda_es_a_Kilenclyuku_hid">https://mandadb.hu</a>

The narrowest house: stands on the Buda Danube bank a house that Manó Mandl and Armin Mandl merchants built. The three-storey house was completed in 1898 and even has a small garden. The height of the building is 22 m, but it is only 6.2 m wide. That's why the capital's narrowest house boasts a medal.

Secret door: you've probably walked past that mysterious blue door at The Western Railway Station many times, but you probably haven't noticed it yet. Behind the door is a royal waiting room consisting of three rooms, built and arranged for Franz Joseph and Sissi. By the way, the waiting couple is located at Gödöllő station. The place is closed most of the year, but occasionally there is a tour for the general public.

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Mindenszentek - All Saint's Day Unlike the fun parade that is American Halloween, All Saints’ Day and All Soul’s Day in Hungary are holidays that address the dead in a rather different way. Every November 1st, graveyards all over Hungary are filled with a solemn spirit as gathered family members pay a visit to the cemeteries where their deceased relatives are buried, cleaning their gravesites and tombstones while adorning them with beautiful bouquets; as darkness descends upon the day and the air is filled with an autumnal chill, they light commemorative candles to honor their dearly departed. Even though this national holiday is not the most delightful event of the year, it is a deeply rooted tradition in Hungarian culture, and is not regarded as an overly despondent occasion.

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Music, dance

Hungarian dance culture There are five basic types of traditional dance found throughout the Carpathian Basin: round dances (karikázó); jumping dances (ugrós); men’s dances (legényes); slow and fast couples dances (csárdás); and stick dances (botoló), which are vestiges of weapon dances. The five main folk dance dialects can be broken up into:&nbsp;Western (Danube), Central (Tisza) and Eastern (Transylvania)&nbsp;regions.

<a href="http://folklife.hu/roots-to-revival/traditional-culture/music-and-dance/dance-traditions-of-the-hungarians/">Dance Traditions of the Hungarians (folklife.hu)</a>

Hungarian's biggest Festival

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Luca-day dumpling cooking On this day, young girls made 12 dumplings, in which they hid the names of 12 boys. When cooking, the first dumpling to rise to the surface was predicted to be the boy who would be the girl's future husband.

Pranks There was no shortage of practical jokes on this day, with young boys often devising annoying pranks which they then blamed on evil spirits and witches.

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The Hungarian Sunday lunch

We have a traditional Sunday lunch, where the whole family usually eats together. Here are some well-known dishes, such as:

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Chicken Soup a la Újházy

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Busójárás - Busó walking The busó march first appeared at the end of the 18th century. A well-known folk custom of the Sokács of Mohács, the time of the busójárás is determined by the first lunar day after the spring solstice. In the past, the celebrations lasted from the morning of Carnival Sunday until the evening of Carnival Sunday. However, nowadays, because the event attracts so many people, the festivities start 3 days earlier, on Thursday.

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Harry Houdini was a Hungarian-born American magician and escapologist. He also investigated fake spiritualists and was a skeptic. He was born in Budapest to Jewish parents. He changed his name to Harry Houdini when he became a professional magician.In Budapest there are several places in his memory. Houdini also appeared in several early movies and made many early airplane flights. He made the first successful airplane flight in Australia.&nbsp;

For us Hungarians, folk tales were part of our childhood. They made the early years of more than one generation funny and happy. Every country has their traditional folk tales. Some are more focused on the geography and the landscape, while others present animals and focus on their relationship with people. Our nation’s authentic stories and tales are dear to our hearts but discovering how other people were brought up and what tales coloured their childhood is an exciting experience. 

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Hungarian folk tales intro

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Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis was an ethnic&nbsp;German- Hungarian&nbsp;physician and scientist born in the&nbsp;Kingdom of Hungary, now known as an early pioneer of antiseptic procedures. Described as the "saviour of mothers"&nbsp;Semmelweis discovered that the&nbsp;incidence&nbsp;of&nbsp;puerperal fever&nbsp;(also known as "childbed fever") could be drastically cut by the use of hand disinfection in&nbsp;obstetrical&nbsp;clinics. Puerperal fever was common in mid-19th-century hospitals and often fatal. Semmelweis proposed the practice of&nbsp;washing hands&nbsp;in 1847. He published a book of his findings in&nbsp;Etiology, Concept and Prophylaxis of Childbed Fever.

October 23

23rd October is a national holiday in Hungary. A revolution started on this day in 1956 in Budapest. The revolution's two most important aims were: free elections and the&nbsp;the departure of the Soviet troops from Hungary.&nbsp;

Ernő Rubik is a Hungarian inventor, architect and professor of architecture. He is best known for the invention of mechanical puzzles including the Rubik's Cube, Rubik's Magic, Rubik's Magic: Master Edition, and Rubik's Snake. Besides several national and international acknowledgements, Ernő Rubik was awarded with the Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Stephen in 2014, which is the highest medal awarded by Hungary. He admitted that initially, it took him weeks to solve the riddle of the cube. According to Ernő Rubik, his invention is a “reminder never to give up. There is always a solution.”

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One of Hungary’s most famous holiday folk traditions is the carving of the Luca Chair.&nbsp;Made of nine different types of wood, the Luca chair was to be carved by Christmas Eve. The hitch: only one carving was permitted per day. Once the chair was complete, its maker would carry it to midnight mass, where it would give him a high enough vantage point to spot witches in the crowd. A Hungarian saying that lives on from this tradition is “Készül, mint a Luca széke” or “You are preparing it as slowly as a Luca Chair!”

Skanzen is a museum&nbsp;located in Szentendre and was founded in 1967. It is an open air, village-like museum, where we can see the traditional folk&nbsp;architecture of Hungary.

There are many interesting activities for groups (especially students) to go back in time and try out how people finished tasks a long time ago.

<a href="https://skanzen.hu/en/">https://skanzen.hu/en/</a> <a href="https://tervlap.hu/">https://tervlap.hu/</a> <a href="https://iranyszentendre.hu/">https://iranyszentendre.hu/</a>

There are 10 national parks, 145 minor nature reserves and 35 landscape protection areas in Hungary. In these parks you can find special and rare animal species and plants. Most of them are protected because there aren't many of them nationwide.

National parks of Hungary

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Crests of the national parks

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Hungary is a small country, it is rich in biodiversity and is home to such species as: roe deer, wild boar, fox, mouflon, imperial eagle and great bustard.

The&nbsp;Shoes on the Danube Bank&nbsp;(Cipők a Duna-parton) is a memorial erected on 16 April 2005, in&nbsp;Budapest,&nbsp;Hungary. It is a tribute to the Jews who were massacred by&nbsp;Fascist&nbsp;Hungarian&nbsp;militia&nbsp;belonging to the&nbsp;Arrow<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow_Cross_Party"> </a>Cross<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow_Cross_Party"> </a>Party&nbsp;in Budapest during the&nbsp;Second World War. They were ordered to take off their shoes and were shot at the edge of the water so that their bodies fell into the river and were carried away. The memorial represents their shoes left behind on the bank.

The Andrássy Avenue, which was added as an extension to the World Heritage Site in 2002, was built in the late 19th century and marked the transformation of Budapest into a modern metropolis. The&nbsp;Millennium Underground Railway&nbsp;that runs under the avenue was the first underground in Continental Europe and has been operational since 1896.

Puskás Ferenc: He was born in 1927, Budapest. He was a Hungarian footballer of the national team that won an Olympic gold and a world championship silver medal, he was the coach of several club teams and national teams. In 2016, he was voted the best football player ever in the “World Cup of Legends” vote on goal.com. 85-fold Hungarian and 4-fold Spanish national team; three-time BEK winner, BEK goal scorer 2 times, best goal scorer in Europe (1948), European Cup goal scorer with 10 goals (1948–1953 European Cup); the only player to score 4 goals in a BEK or BL final (1960) scored 84 goals in the Hungarian national team, making him the most successful European national team player of all time until 2019, when Cristiano Ronaldo overtook him. From 1958 he was a legendary player for Real Madrid. He left his career as a player at the age of 39, after which he worked as a football coach. His nickname was: Puskás Öcsi. He died in 2006.

Matthias Church: is&nbsp;the most visited Roman Catholic temple in Budapest.&nbsp;It is located in the heart of the&nbsp;Castle&nbsp;district. The church was originally called&nbsp;“The Church of Our Lady”.

The Parliament of Budapest is one of the main symbols of the capital city of Hungary. It overlooks the Danube river and it is a real jewel of architecture. The structure is characterized by different&nbsp;architectural styles; from Neo-Gothic to Neo-Baroque and Neo-Renaissance. The building is&nbsp;268&nbsp;meters long on the east shore of the Danube, and it is 123 meters wide and 96 meters high. This last feature symbolizes the fact that civil and spiritual power within the city have equal importance; St. Stephen’s Basilica indeed reaches the same height.

August 20

20 August is Saint Stephen’s Day in Hungary, the celebration of the foundation of the state. Every year, on 20 August, Hungarians celebrate this very important national holiday with air and water parade and with a spectacular fireworks display at night over the Danube.

Húsvét - Easter In Hungarian folklore Easter has intertwined with many local traditions related to the arrival of spring, courting customs, health and fertility. Traditionally women and girls decorate eggs which they offer to men and boys who arrive on Easter Sunday with a short and funny poem.&nbsp;

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BUDAPEST, INCLUDING THE BANKS OF THE DANUBE, THE BUDA CASTLE QUARTER AND ANDRÁSSY AVENUE

This site has the remains of monuments such as the Roman city of Aquincum and the Gothic castle of Buda, which have had a considerable influence on the architecture of various periods. It is one of the world's outstanding urban landscapes and illustrates the great periods in the history of the Hungarian capital.

Budapest was created by the unification of three cities,&nbsp;Buda,&nbsp;Pest, and&nbsp;Óbuda, in the 19th century. The&nbsp;Buda Castle&nbsp;was built in the 13th century by king&nbsp;Béla IV of Hungary. The Castle Quarter features buildings in the&nbsp;Gothic&nbsp;and&nbsp;Baroque&nbsp;styles. Buildings in Pest are in the&nbsp;Historicism&nbsp;and&nbsp;Art Nouveau&nbsp;styles. 

Contents Facts of the country, main areas, landscape features People, language(s), national symbols Main regions and interesting facts, sights, events, places of World Heritage Public holidays, special events Traditions, customs, folklore, articraft Famous people, famous inventions Music, festivals, songs we like Cuisine

Herbert von Karajan & Berliner Philharmoniker - Liszt Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2

Hungarian singers

ÉLVEZD - OFFICIAL HD VIDEO (c) Punnany Massif & AM:PM Music

WELLHELLO - APUVEDDMEG - OFFICIAL LYRIC VIDEO

Bagossy Brothers Company  - Olyan Ő (Official Video)

Halott Pénz - Élnünk kellett volna (feat Agebeat&Kovary)

Hungarian singers that are currently popular in Hungary: Danny,  Curtis, Horváth Tamás, Bagossy Brothers Company, Bruno x Spacc, Punnany Massif, Halott Pénz, Wellhello. They make their songs mostly about love, heartbreak, disappointment, and then add a nice beat with a good rythm.

Sources: &nbsp;musicmania.eoldal.hu charts.youtube.com&nbsp;

Hosszú Katinka: Hungarian swimmer, three-time Olympic, nine-time world and fifteen-time European champion. The first competitor to hold the world record in all five mixed swim numbers at the same time. She was born in Pécs in 1989. Her nickname is Iron Lady. Her first national adult competition was in 2004. In Rio’s Olympiad she won 3 golden medals and 1 silver. She is one of the most successful Hungarian swimmers.&nbsp;

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Karácsony - Christmas In Hungary, Christmas Eve is very important and is called 'Szent-este' which means Holy Evening. People spend the evening with their family and decorate the&nbsp;Christmas Tree. Sometimes only the adults decorate the tree (without the children there), so when children come in and see the tree, it's a great surprise and they are told that "Jézuska" brought the tree for them! One of our traditional Christmas tree decorations is the 'szaloncukor'.

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Some famous, well-known Hungarian patterns on clothes and plates

Usually, we eat Lángos at summer, chimney cake at winter, and we can eat pogácsa all days of the year. 

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Hunyadi Mátyás: He was born in 1443. He was the King of Hungary and Croatia from 1458, King of the Czech Republic from 1469, reigning Archduke of Austria from 1486 until his death. He was the only Hungarian king to succeed in occupying Vienna. His army was the famous Black Army which was a mercenary army headed by Pál Kinizsi. The renaissance appeared in Hungary during his time, thanks to his wife, Beatrix of Aragon. He died in 1490.

Facts of Hungary

Basic information Our country is one of the oldest European countries as it was founded in 895. Hungary is one of Central Europe's landlocked countries. Budapest is the capital of Hungary and the largest city by far. Over 1.7 million people live in Budapest. Hungary is divided into 19 counties.

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Borders: north - Slovakia northeast- Ukraine southeast - Romania, Serbia, Croatia southwest - Slovenia west - Austria

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Budapest and the River Danube

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Hungary and its borders

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Back in the old days they would grab the women and take them next to the well and toss a bucket of water on them. These days men rather use perfume or cologne. In return of the freshening girls give them painted eggs, and offer traditional Hungarian Easter food and drinks. For the children in the house, the mythical Easter bunny brings small chocolate eggs as presents. From early morning on, the dinner table is filled with mouth-watering dishes, the blessed braided scone and lamb meat, home-made smoked ham, hard-boiled eggs, fresh horse-radish and a little bit of pálinka, the famous Hungarian spirit. This opens the tradition into a moment of connecting, resting and true celebration.

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Luca napja - Luca day Celebrated on December 13, Luca Day marks Hungary’s annual Winter Solstice. As the shortest day and longest night of the year, it was also the darkest, and has traditionally been associated with witches and spirits. The Luca calendar marks the twelve days between Winter Solstice and Christmas, which were spent practicing a variety of folk traditions to ward off evil.

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The Fertő/Neusiedler Lake area has been the meeting place of different cultures for eight millennia. This is graphically demonstrated by its varied landscape, the result of an evolutionary symbiosis between human activity and the physical environment.

The remarkable rural architecture of the villages surrounding the lake and several 18th- and 19th-century palaces adds to the area’s considerable cultural interest.

Visit Hungary at any time of year and discover one of Europe’s hidden treasures

WOW Hungary – Wellspring Of Wonders

Hungarian folk song: The oldest form of Hungarian folk music. It embodies and expresses folk and human emotions and thoughts. We do not know their authors, most of them have passed down from generation to generation through oral tradition.

Famous Hungarian folk music collectors: ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Jenő Ádám ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Béla Bartók ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Zoltán Kodály ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ferenc Sebő ·&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Béla Vikár

OLD VILLAGE OF HOLLÓKŐ AND ITS SURROUNDINGS 

Hollokő is an outstanding example of a deliberately preserved traditional settlement. This village, which developed mainly during the 17th and 18th centuries, is a living example of rural life before the agricultural revolution of the 20th century.

The Old Village of Hollókő is a Palócz settlement located in the County of Nógrád in Northern Hungary, about 100&nbsp;km north-east of Budapest. The Old Village, which has been deliberately preserved, is a living example of rural life before the agricultural revolution of the 20th century. The rural architectural ensemble, which covers 145 ha, consists of 55 residential buildings, farm buildings and the church. 

The main Christmas meal, which is also eaten on Christmas Eve, consists of fish (often fish soup called 'Halászlé' which is made with carp or other freshwater fish), stuffed cabbage (the leaves are stuffed with rice, mince pork, onion, garlic and other herbs) and a special kind of poppy bread/cake called 'Bejgli' is a popular dessert. Gingerbread is also traditionally eaten at Christmas in Hungary. Gingerbread is often wrapped in very bright colors and decorated with Christmas figures.

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<a href="https://skanzen.hu/">https://skanzen.hu/</a>

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March 15

On March 15th&nbsp;we&nbsp;commemorate&nbsp;the Hungarian&nbsp;Revolution&nbsp;and&nbsp;War of Independence&nbsp;of 1848-1849. This is also a&nbsp;public holiday&nbsp;in Hungary. The Hungarian Revolution of 1848 was one of many revolutions that year and&nbsp;closely linked to&nbsp;other revolutions of 1848 in the Habsburg areas. The revolution in the&nbsp;Kingdom&nbsp;of Hungary&nbsp;grew into&nbsp;a war for independence from&nbsp;Habsburg rule. Many of its&nbsp;leaders&nbsp;and&nbsp;participants,&nbsp;including&nbsp;Lajos Kossuth, István Széchenyi, Sándor Petőfi, József Bem, are among the most&nbsp;respected&nbsp;national figures in Hungarian history, and the&nbsp;anniversary&nbsp;of the revolution’s&nbsp;outbreak, on March 15th, is one of Hungary’s three national holidays. Julius Jacob von Haynau, the leader of the Austrian army who then became governor of Hungary for a few months of&nbsp;retribution, ordered the&nbsp;execution&nbsp;of 13 leaders of the Hungarian army in Arad and the Prime Minister Batthyány in Pest.

Main areas of Hungary II.

4. Transdanubian Mountains -mountain range (about 7000 km²) -highest peak: Pilis (757&nbsp;metres) 5. Alföld (Hungarian Plain) -covers most of central and southeastern Hungary -territory: 52,000&nbsp;km². 6. North Hungarian Mountains -mountains run along the northeastern border of Hungary -highest peak of Hungary (Kékes, 1014 meters)

Sunset in the Hungarian Plain

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Lookout tower on the top of Kékes

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The Liu brothers: Liu Shaolin Sándor and Liu Shaoang are both short track speed skating Olympic champions. Shaolin was born in 1995 and his brother Shaoang was born in 1998. At the 2018 Olympics, on February 22, 2018, they won the Olympic championship as members of the 5,000-meter relay. Hungary won a gold medal for the first time in the history of the Winter Olympics. Shaoang won his second Olympic gold medal at the 2022 Olympics, in contrast, his brother, Shaolin, was excluded from the competition.

MILLENARY BENEDICTINE ABBEY OF PANNONHALMA AND ITS NATURAL EMVIRONMENT 

The first Benedictine monks settled here in 996. They went on to convert the Hungarians, to found the country's first school and, in 1055, to write the first document in Hungarian. 

From the time of its founding, this monastic community has promoted culture throughout central Europe. Its 1,000-year history can be seen in the succession of architectural styles of the monastic buildings (the oldest dating from 1224), which still today house a school and the monastic community.

Each of these basic dance types varies, depending on its geographic region. For instance, the dances found in the regions of the Danube and Tisza rivers tend to be simpler and more lighthearted than the more complex dances of Transylvania (Romania). Solo dances and couples dances are typically freeform, which means there are countless possibilities for individual improvisation. This feature differentiate Hungarian dance culture from that of western Europe and the Balkans, and it accounts for its enormous richness. In couples dances, the dancers may draw upon a variety of elements, sometimes in an arbitrary sequence, such as dancing in separate formations, the man’s virtuosic solo, the amorous chasing game, the closed couple spins, the slow walk followed by intricate foot patterns, and the woman’s whirling under the man’s arm. Solo men’s dances are characterized by technical virtuosity and a rich repertoire of motifs, which express the dancer’s individuality.

<a href="https://festival.si.edu/2013/hungarian-heritage/music-and-dance/smithsonian">Music and Dance | Smithsonian Folklife Festival</a>

Újév - New Year Even the unbelievers "conjure" something on this day. They draw a mask to scare away the spirit that brings the old year with it, or put lucky coins in their wallets. In many families, it is customary to bake a fortune scone on this day. It is the best day to conjure wealth, it makes the new year rich if money is found at this time.

A fortune scone is made by putting a coin in the middle of one of the plain scones, and whoever finds it will have the best luck that year. It is important, however, that the scones are used up before the end of the year.

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