A fascinating book from the Department of Lambayeque, a department with a great history and culture.

LAMBAYEQUE DEPARTMENT

Lord of Sican The Lord of Sicán is the name given to a character from the Sicán or Lambayeque culture, whose intact tomb was discovered in 1991 in the Huaca del Oro, in the archaeological site of Batán Grande, Ferreñafe, on the north coast of Peru. It dates from the 11th to 12th centuries.

It is an archaeological culture of Ancient Peru that manifested itself between the 8th and 14th centuries AD. C. on the coasts of Lambayeque.

It originated after the separation of Moche political control as a result of political and social upheavals.

➊Ubication The location of this culture is in a valley of Ferreñafe near the "La Leche" river. ➋Religion They were Pilresitas, their main God was Yampayeck ➌-Economic activitis Their economic activities were fishing, commerce, and the main agriculture, they used agricultural techniques from the Moche culture and improves them. ➍Culture devolping -Metallurgy,They developed a great use of metals, as in goldsmithing. -Arquitecture,They created large pyramids like the ones they found in Túcume and Batan Grande. -Textilery, tapestries and blankets made of cotton and wool. -Ceramic, inspired by Llampayec.

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Lambayeque has been the main center of curanderismo and magic in ancient Peru.

Folk medicine is very common in this area, using magic rituals and herbs.

Healers treat illnesses related to the soul and spirit, for example the "evil eye" that is caused by a sorcerer.

Within folklore there are very diverse cultural expressions characteristic of a people. Almost every month there are celebrations in some important municipality or city in the region. The most characteristic are the Fiesta de San José, on March 19; the anniversary of Chiclayo, on April 18 and the lemon festival that takes place the last week of June.

Legend of Naylamp The legend of Naylamp was recorded by the chronicler Miguel Cabello de Balboa in the 16th century. The story goes that Naylamp, a mysterious leader, arrived on the north coast, and upon landing, he presented the god Yampallec to the locals, a green jade effigy that had its own physical characteristics. To worship him, a palace and a temple were built. Thus, the god Yampallec gave rise to the name lambayeque. After Naylamp's death, his descendants spread the belief that he had ascended to heaven on his own wings.

Myth of the god Kon. The myth of the god Kon is about the creation of the world. According to belief, this god appeared from the north by sea. Although he was in human form, Kon lacked bones or flesh. He was the son of the Sun and, as such, could travel mountains and valleys. He created the world and human beings, and provided them with abundant water and fruits. He then punished the men for forgetting the offerings. He took away the rains and turned fertile lands into deserts.

Lambayecano music and dance is characterized by its happiness. Diablicos de Tucume This dance is recognized as cultural heritage of Peru, it's part of the festival of the Virgin Purisima, patroness of Tucume, which is celebrated during the months of February and September. The group Los Diablicos appears on these two occasions representing the seven deadly sins called "The Seven Vices" according to oral tradition. It's emphasized that the figure of the devil is very important in religious festivals because it portrays the evil that must be ritually combated and subdued for the redemption of the faithful.

Lando It has a very complex rhythm accompanied mainly by the Cajon and the bass strings of the Creole Guitar. It's the evolution of the Lundu that was an Angolan dance of wedding ceremony brought by the black slaves, it's characterized by the movement of the pelvis.

Tondero Monsefuano It represents the various activities of the monsefuana woman that were carried out in the past, such as the sale of chicha with the jug on her head, the sale of vegetables with a lampa, sale of flowers and tamales, it's a mischievous and flirtatious dance where the man goes to provoke the woman. The beautiful embroideries of the clothing of this dance and of many other peruvian dances are made by seamstresses monsefuanas, who stand out for the quality of the embroidery.

Diablicos de Tucume

TRAJE TÍPICO DE TONDERO DE LAMBAYEQUE / CUF 2020

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hystory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Illustrius People . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sicán Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . Customs and Traditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gastronomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tourist places . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Music and Dance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fauna and Flora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mhytus and Leyends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bibilography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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The origin of the first Lambayecanos is uncertain, many think that it is related to the myth of Naylamp for others it originates after the fall of the Moche Culture.

The origin of the department of Lambayeque is created after the Intendance of Trujillo at the time of the Viceroyalty as a new party along with 8 others, after this in 1720 a great city was founded by noble families who emigrated from Zaña after a flood.

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On January 7 in 1872, President Jose Balta began the project of the creation of the new department of Lambayeque, but already on December 1 in 1874 its creation was confirmed, with Chiclayo as its capital.

In the government of President Alejandro Toledo, he eliminated the regions and how they were configured and returned to the departments scheme.

The first governor of de deaprtament of Lambayeque is Yehude Simon Munaro 2003

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the most representative fauna and flora of Lambayeque are located in the sea and the Equatorial dry forest.

FAUNA: ➊ Mammals, like: gray fox, carob squirrel, white-tailed deer, spectacled bear, anteater, opossum and sea Wolf. ➋ Birds, like: white-winged turkey, Andean condor, huerequeque, penguin of Hubmbolt. ➌ Reptiles, like: iguana, lizard, boa. ➍Fishes, like: Bonito, Caballa, Pejerey, anchovy, sardine. FLORA: The most representative flora are Algarrobo, Zapote, Huarango, cotton and sugarcane.

...........some species on this list are in danger of extinction such as the spectacled bear, the white-winged turkey and the huarango. We appeal to readers to protect these species that are native to our department of Lambayeque.

Lambayeque, a region in northwestern Peru known for its desert landscapes, arid forests, and cold beaches. Without forgetting its pre-Inca past with the Moche and Sicán culture, from where its name also originates is the Moche God Llampayec.

By Jhosep Gutierrez, Isabel Zelada and Juan Irigoin

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A culture with a lot of history

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➊ Pimentel. The main tourist attractions , it's a good place where the Lambayecans leave the city take a deep breath walking along the boardwalk watching a beautiful sunset or spend a sunny afternoon with the family. ➋ Tumbas Reales Museum. Located in the heart of the province of Lambayeque, it has the shape of a truncated pyramid 14 meters high. You can appreciate the knowledge and art of the Mochica culture, in the fields of agriculture, technology, goldsmithing and housing. Reconstruction is also observed of the royal tomb and its ornaments. ➌ Tucume . Archaeological complex made up of 26 pyramids distributed over 200 hectares, which is why it's known as the Valley of the Pyramids. This culture dates back to approximately 700 years AD. and is 35 km from the city of Chiclayo. ➍ Brunning Museum. Modern building in which the imposing figure of the god Naylamp, founder of the Lambayecanos kings dynasty, stands out. It houses a valuable collection of more than 11 thousand archaeological pieces in gold and silver, ceramics and fabrics from the Chavín, Vicus, Huari, Mochica and Chimu cultures. The most important pieces are 10,000 years old. It is located in the city of Lambayeque, 11.4 km from Chiclayo.

Lieutenant Colonel Pedro Ruiz Gallo was born in Eten on June 24, 1838. In 1855 he went to Callao to enter the military career, following the family tradition, he started the career successfully, obtaining rapid promotions. In 1856, he built two clocks of his invention for the cities of Lomud and Chachapoyas. In that same year he ventures into medicine, due to the smallpox epidemic, discovering a vaccine with which he saves the lives of thousands of people. In 1880, during the war with Chile, he died while preparing a torpedo invented by him to blow up the Chilean squad.

JOSE A. QUIÑONES GONZALES.

Captain FAP JOSE ABELARDO QUIÑONES GONZALES, was born on April 22, 1914 in the Port of Pimentel. He applied to the Central Aviation School "JORGE CHAVEZ", entering as a Cadet. Several years later he was already a lieutenant and in 1941 the Ecuadorian aggression took place on the northern border. In that war, Lieutenant Quiñones, carried out multiple reconnaissance missions, with taking interesting aerial photographs of the Ecuadorian front. His last mission was to attack an Ecuadorian camp and in fulfillment of this mission his plane was affected by enemy firearms and he heroically decided to crash his plane in the enemy camp.

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When we offer our gastronomy to our visitors, we proudly show the variety and originality of our stews, these obtained thanks to a cultural heritage forged over millennia.

➊ Causa. It's based on a cooked potato dough, it's usually surrounded with fresh ingredients such as lettuce, olives, tomato slices, as it resembles as much as possible a salad that is served as a starter, snack or appetizer. The Causa goes with lean pork rinds and hard-boiled eggs. Or with square slices of fried mackerel, sandwiched between the potato and a headband of well-soaked onion sauce. ➋ Cabrito a la norteña. One of the flagship dishes of Lambayeque, made with tender goat meat, seasoned with chicha de jora, yellow pepper, loche, coriander and after spices. It is accompanied by white rice and beans. ➌ Arroz con Pato. Pre-Hispanic dish from the Moche culture that arises from the mixture of Spanish and Quechua food. It's prepared by making a drowning of butter, garlic, chopped onion, yellow pepper and coriander (which gives it its characteristic greenish color). The duck pieces are browned and cooked with the rice and peas. ➍ Espesado. It's a kind of soup, that is prepared every Monday as a tradition, it's prepared with grated corn and beef brisket or with milk toyo. Green beans and squash are added to the water where the meat is parboiled, it is usually accompanied with red or white rice. ➎ King Kong. It's a typical sweet from the Lambayeque region. It consists of cookies made of flour, butter, egg yolks and milk, which are interspersed with white delicacy, pineapple candy and delicious peanut candy, among them.