GUJARAT RESEARCH SOCIETY’S
HANSRAJ JIVANDAS COLLEGE
OF EDUCATION

(AUTONOMOUS)

NAME: NILIMA GUPTA

CLASS: S.Y.B.Ed

ROLL NO.: 18

PROGRAM: B.Ed YEAR: 2022-2023

PRACTICUM: LEARNING RESOURCES

ASSIGNMENT NAME: 2. ONLINE BOOK

AUTHOR NAME - NILIMA GUPTA

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page no 4 - Background
Page no 6 - Babur
Page no 7- Humayun
Page no 9 - Akbar
Page no 12 - Jahangir
Page no 13- Shahjahan
Page no 14- Aurangzeb
Page no 16 -Important Battles
Page no 17 - Revision Video
Page no 18- Revision chart
Page no 19- Important Links
Page no 19- Exercise
Page no 20- License

BACKGROUND

Before Mughals India was ruled by Delhi sultanate which compromised of five dynasty under it.

The last one was the Lodhi Dynasty which lost the war in first battle of Panipat.

And hence the Mughal history started in 1526.

Ibrahim Lodhi, Sultan of Delhi

Sikhandar Lodi was succeeded by Ibrahim Lodi.

Ibrahim Lodi was stubborn and intolerant which were not good qualities in a ruler.

Nobles were killed cruelly and many nobles were humiliated by Ibrahim Lodi.

Invasion of India was done by Kabul ruler, Babur, at the behest of Daulat Khan, a very powerful noble from Punjab.

In the 1st battle of Panipat in the year 1526 A.D,Ibrahim Lodi faced defeat at the hands of Babur.

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Babar (1526-1530)









The great grandson
of Tamerlane and Genghis Khan, was the first Mughal emperor in India. He
confronted and defeated Lodhi in 1526 at the first battle of Panipat,
and so came to establish the Mughal Empire in India. Babar ruled until 1530,
and was succeeded by his son Humayun.

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Mughal Dynasty

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Humayun (1530-1540 and 1555-1556)

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Humayun occupied Gujarat in 1535, the danger there ended only with Bahadur’s death in 1537.
Meanwhile, an Afghan soldier of fortune, Sher Shah of Sur, had consolidated his power in Bihar and Bengal. He defeated Humayun at Chausa in 1539 and at Kannauj in 1540, expelling him from India.
Humayun means “fortune” but he remained the
most unfortunate ruler of the Mughal Empire.

Humayun had three brothers, Kamran, Askari and Hindal
In 1555, Humayun defeated the Afghans and recovered the Mughal throne.

After six months, he died in 1556 .

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Humayun (1530-1540 and 1555-1556)

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Humayun occupied Gujarat in 1535, the danger there ended only with Bahadur’s death in 1537.
Meanwhile, an Afghan soldier of fortune, Sher Shah of Sur, had consolidated his power in Bihar and Bengal. He defeated Humayun at Chausa in 1539 and at Kannauj in 1540, expelling him from India.
Humayun means “fortune” but he remained the
most unfortunate ruler of the Mughal Empire.

Humayun had three brothers, Kamran, Askari and Hindal
In 1555, Humayun defeated the Afghans and recovered the Mughal throne.

After six months, he died in 1556 .

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The tomb of the Mughal Emperor Humayun in Delhi, India. The tomb was commissioned by Humayun's first wife and chief consort, Empress Bega Begum under her patronage.

Humayun Tomb

Original name was Jalal -Ud- din- Muhammad.
Ascended the throne at the young age of 14 under the Guidance of Bairam Khan.
Most successful Mughal Emperor, started a new religion called Din -e- Iahi .
Birbal was the first to accept and follow it.

AKBAR 1556- 1605

Original name was Jalal -Ud- din- Muhammad.
Ascended the throne at the young age of 14 under the Guidance of Bairam Khan.
Most successful Mughal Emperor, started a new religion called Din -e- Iahi .
Birbal was the first to accept and follow it.

He established Fatehpur Sikri & Buland Darwaza near Agra.

Fought Second Battle of Panipat in 1556 with Hemu
Battle of Haldighati with Maharana Partap in 1576
Akbar also had Navratna in his court , same as Chandragupta II
Tulsidas also lived during Akbar reign.

He abolished Jazia Tax - A tax charged on non Muslim.

Battle of Haldighati with Maharana Partap in 1576

Fought Second Battle of Panipat in 1556 with Hemu
Battle of Haldighati with Maharana Partap in 1576
Akbar also had Navratna in his court , same as Chandragupta II
Tulsidas also lived during Akbar reign.

Battle of Haldighati with Maharana Partap in 1576

Jahangir (1605 -1627)

Jahangir original name was Salim. Married to Mihar–un-nisa widow of Sher Afgan and was later given the title of Nurjahan.
In 1608 Captain Williams & in 1615 Sir Thomas Rose visited his Court. Tobacco growing was started during his reign which was brought by Portuguese.
Mughal painting reached a high level of elegance and richness during his reign.

Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Khurram, later known as Shah Jahan, was born to Mughal Emperor Jahangir and his wife Jagat Gosaini.
He is known for the famous TAJ MAHAL built by him in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal.
Jama Masjid and Red Fort are other two famous moments built by him.