Population N5

POPULATION

In the context of developed and developing countries:

1. Social and economic indicators

2. Physical and human factors influencing global population distribution

3. Factors affecting birth and death rates

4. Skills question: Describing in detail a resource

1. Development Indicators

https://www.twigscotland.com/film/global-inequalities-1615/
2.50 minutes

Economic Indicators

Economic Indicators

1. Wealth: Gross national Income per person in US dollars ($GNI per person)
The more money a country earns per person the better off they are and the more developed they will be. They will be able to afford an improved diet and healthcare and can pay for services like education.

2.Employment: Percent of population employed in Agriculture
The higher the percentage of people working in agriculture the less developed a country will be because of the lack of mechanisation. People living in Developing Countries also often rely growing food to feed themselves. Fewer people working in manufacturing (secondary) and service (tertiary) sector which often pays more money.

3. Energy Use: Energy used per person
As people (and countries) get wealthier they tend to have more electronic devices which requires more power. Homes are better heated with hot running water. Many developed countries are now trying to reduce the amount of energy they use due to climate change, so this is not as good an indicator now.

Social Indicators

1. Health: Number of people per doctor
The more people per doctor the less developed a country will be because there isn’t enough money to train and pay for the doctors.

2. Education: Percentage of adults who are literate
The lower the number of people who can read and write the less developed the country is. Developing countries can't afford to train and pay for a larger number of teachers and schools and therefore have a less educated workforce.

3. Diet: Number of calories consumed per person per day
The lower the calorie intake the less developed a country is. Fewer people can afford to eat enough food, this can make people weak and affect children's growth.

4. Life expectancy: Average age people are expected to live
The lower the age the less developed the country is. Improved healthcare and diet means the live expectancy is higher in developed countries.

5. Infant mortality: Number of children per 1,000 born who die before the age of one
The higher the mortality rate the less developed the country is. Improved post and anti – natal care along with education means fewer babies die. Also means people generally want a smaller family which is prevalent in developed countries.

6. Population change: Number of babies born per 1,000 women per year
The higher the number the less developed the country is.
In developed counties women get married later and start a family later meaning they have fewer children. Women are more educated and may want to focus on their work and career before starting a family. Children are generally expensive to raise in developing countries. Children are not needed to work on the land, so birth rates are low. Contraception is widely available and family planning clinics allow women to plan for a baby. Sex education in schools helps to prevent unwanted pregnancies.