Natural disasters

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The flood describes a condition in a normally dry land, which is now covered in water. Floods are the most frequent natural disasters that happen to our region. Floods appear due to strong rain or&nbsp;tsunamis or hurricanes. Floods kill more people every year than any other natural disaster. A flood leaves lasting damages, which often destroy individual homes or cities. For many the renovation of the destroyed houses is far too expensive, and they often have to move&nbsp;away. There are many ways to protect oneself in situations like this, for example, building a barrier or install a special warning system. So floods should not be taken easily because this natural disaster costs many people´s lives. So watch out and prepare yourself well.

It is very bad for the region and the plants. They won't grow anymore or they will wither(verwelken). And if there aren't any plants then the vegetarian animals will also go away from that area, because there isn't food for them to survive. So do the carnivores. In the end it is also a problem for the humans, because they won't have any food. Because the plants are all withered and the animals have gone away and there is no water in the first place.

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DEFINITION:

a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall,leading to a shortage of water.

- plants won't grow anymore - they will wither - animals won't live in this area anymore,because of no food - no animals no food/water for the humans who live there

AREAS IN DROUGHT:

- The North African Sahel zone - California - the American Midwest (several times)

Drought

Emergence of avalanches Earlier peolpe thought that witches and ghosts trigger (auslösen) avalanches and they thought it was a punishment of God. Not until the 14th and 15th century did they find out that they arise from natural events. The trigger can be various, like a snowboarder or skier or from the weight of its own snowpack. A fundamental requirement is that the snow isn't connected with the snowpack underneath and so slips away. This can quickly happen in powder snow or fresh snow.

Danger of avalanches When you get into an avalanche time is very important. Many people who were buried under an avalanche suffer from pain from falls. The danger of avalanches is that you can freeze to death or be unable to breathe. Masses of snow can cause the air to run out or your face to freeze. If you still have a little room to breathe, this can lead to a CO2-poisoning. The cold can cause brain damage or brain death.

What is an avalanche When masses of snow, ice or mud break off the mountain slope and move into the valley, they are called avalanches. They cause great damage to the environment as well as to villages and towns, which is why they are counted among the natural disasters. There are two basic species(in German: "Schneebretter" and "Lockerschneelawinen"), which are distinguished by their rupture to the snow cover, to which they are classified according to volume and extent.

Tornados always form when there is warm air on the ground and cold air above.

Then the air begins to circle and the tornado starts to move.

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Avalanches and landslides

Hurricane A hurricane is a tropical cyclone. It basically arises above water because when the water temperature is very high, the water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere. The higher up the sky, the colder the temperature.The rising water vapor finally condenses and thunderstorm clouds form. As more and more warm sea air rises into the sky and condenses, the clouds become larger and a kind of vortex (Wirbel) is created. It becomes a cyclone when the vortex starts to spin. It is only called a hurricane when it is faster than 119km/h. The hurricanes can then be driven along by normal winds that pull towards the mainland and destroy the country. A hurricane can reach speeds of more than 119 km/h . A hurricane is constructed in such a way, that the rain branch (Regenausläufer) of the system is located where there is warm humid air that keeps the cyclone going. The hurricane can reach a total diameter of up to 15.000 km and causes various kinds of damage. All winds revolve around a relatively calm centre called the "eye". Winds around the eye are usually the most powerful movements of the whole storm and are called "eyewall". The hurricane often brings torential rains (sintflutartige Regenfälle), squalls (Böen) and very strong winds. Most hurricanes occur from May to December. Some of them also between July and September. Most hurricanes are generally formed in the "trade wind zone" (Passatwindzone), in the Atlantic Ocean mostly south-west of Cape Verde, in the area of the Caribbean Sea, the West Indies and the Golf of Mexico, from minor disturbances of the passat current (Strom) which runs just south of the Sahara desert across the Atlantic. This region of most hurricanes is also called "Hurricane Alley".

What is a landslide A landslide is a sliding of large amounts of rock or earth. This can be triggered (ausgelöst werden) by a lot of rain. This happens when water gets into the soil (Boden) layer and divides the soil. Due to the force of gravity (Schwerkraft) and reduced static friction the slope slips.

The development of landslides The risk of landslides depends on the water absorption capacity of the soil (Boden) and the steepness of the slope. The vegetation on the slope also affects the likelihood of a landslide occurring, as the plants hold the soil together with their roots, this is called rooting (Durchwurzlung). If this is missing, the risk of a landslide increases significantly. A landslide is usually triggered (ausgelöst) by taking in too much water, for example as a result of heavy rainfall or snowmelt(Schneeschmelze).

Videos

Wildfires 101 | National Geographic

Rescuers race to save Australia's wildlife | Animalkind

A tornado is an air vortex. The word comes from Spanish and means “turn”.

The air in the tornado – also called twister – circles very fast. Tornadoes always look like funnels. A tornado is a whirlwind.

"March 11 Quake"  A Japanese Tsunami

National Geographic

This Video is about the March 11 quake and the disaster that it was. Around 28.000 people died, because of just one tsunami.

Vocabulary you need:

air vortex funnels predictable

Luftwirbel Trichter vorhersagen

Flooding Explanation- Learn about Flood- Video for kids

Tornadoes can reach a speed of 500 km/h. They often exist for just a few hours.

48 people died and the tornado reached a speed of 510 km/h.

In 1999 the biggest tornado in the world appeared near Oklahoma city.

The strongest earthquakes: Earthquake&nbsp;from Valdivia 1960. Chile. 22nd May 1960. 9,6 magnitude. 1655 deaths. Good Friday Alaska. 27th March 1964. 9,3 magnitude.&nbsp; Earthquake&nbsp;in the Indian Ocean 2004. near Sumatra. 26th December 2004. Tōhoku-Earthquake&nbsp;2011. East of Honshū, Japan. 11th March 2011. 9,1 magnitude&nbsp; Earthquake&nbsp;near Kamtschatka 1952. Kamtschatka, Russia. 4th November 1952. 9,0 magnitude

Earthquakes in Germany: The earthquake hazard in Germany is relatively low in world-wide comparison, but they do exist. In the Rhine area, on the Swabian Alb as well as in East Thuringia and West Saxony with the Vogtland there are repeated smaller earthquakes, but ones that you can feel or even damaging earthquakes are rare in Germany. However, since many people live in these regions, they could cause great damage.

Floodings

Tornado in 4K UHD

you need: - sand - a solid wooden table - a hammer (preferably made of rubber)

The grains of sand jump up. This is due to the shock wave of the hammer blow. The further away from the sand you hit the table, the lower the grains jump. As with an earthquake - the further away the origin of the shock, the smaller the earth's movement.

Tornadoes are not very predictable, so the time between a warning and the arrival of the twister can be between 3 and 30 Minutes.

A forest fire can destroy a whole forest. It`s a big fire, which is triggered (auslösen) by lightnings (Blitze) or often humans, who don`t take care of campfires or throw cigarettes into the forest. If a glas lays in a dry forest for a long time and the sun shines on it, it can also cause a fire. So there are many ways to trigger a forest fire. In all forests, which are dry, a forest fire can burn. Important for a forest fire is something, that starts the fire like the sun, a lightning or campfires. Then the fire needs some flammable things like trees or dry grass. Wind can help, because it transports oxygen and spreads the flames. One of the biggest forest fires in the last years was in Australia.

In Australia bushfires and forest fires happen every year. But especially in 2020 there were extremely heavy forest fires, because the summer that year was very hot, the temperature was almost 50° and since spring it had been continuously dry. With global warming it will happen more often and more and more extreme. The fires don't only destroy forest areas but also a lot of plants and animals. Some animal species will die out and will never come back .

source: https://images.app.goo.gl/dVJ5WDamLdiwLJoi7

A drought is when water is missing in a place for a long time. That normally happens, when there isn't enough rain. So there isn't enough water in the ground nor the air.

Forest Fires

Group 6: Mats Pepe Markos Jorge

The diameter of a tornado can be 2 metres to 5 kilometres.

Because the air in the twister rotates very quickly, it can swirl a lot up into the air.

Tornadoes have a very big destructiveness. They can destroy houses, whole cities and they can swirl trains up into the air.

When a twister reaches a city, many people lose their homes.

An earthquake is a sudden eruption of the earth's surface that often causes great damage. You could also describe it as a tremor of the earth. In an earthquake the earth plates shift. This creates tensions and energy. If these become too big, the earth plates loosen and the earth shakes. Most of the devastation caused by earthquakes is a direct result of the ground shaking violently. Many people lose their homes in an earthquake and are often seriously injured or, in the worst case, even die.

Erdbeben Top 10 - Die zehn stärksten Erdbeben der Welt auf Kamera (2019)

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The farmers' plants have dried up and the people with animals don't have water for them. Now the people won't have anything to eat. Normally there is a rainy season where it rains for weeks. So that the people have enough water for plants and animals. But they have had a bad rainy season for three years. They already have many people without any food. Especially kids and old ones are threatened by starvation.

They arise as a result of long water waves. Strong tsunamis can go multiple kilometers on land and when they hit for example a building&nbsp;it causes a lot of damage and is very dangerous. Tsunamis can also be very harmful to people and not just buildings. Tsunamis can destroy a whole village and infrastructures and make farmland useless. More than 200.000&nbsp;people have died due to tsunamis. At full speed they can go up to 800km/h

A tsunami arises when an earthquake happens in the water. The giant waves can arise when earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, nuclear explosions or even meteorite impacts shake the sea floor. In contrast to normal waves - where the waves are only on the surface (Oberfläche) of the sea - the deep water layers also move in a tsunami. If this happens a big and fast wave starts in the ocean and moves towards the land. The waves get bigger and bigger. When the waves arrive at the coast, they start to&nbsp;&nbsp;flood the area. In Japan most tsunamis happen. Because of the Japanese fishers, tsunamis are called tsunami - tsunami means harbor wave.

How Do Hurricanes Form?

There are a lot of damages after floodings.

Many people die, because of the floodings.

CLOSE TORNADO TEARS THROUGH TOWN - Madill Oklahoma 4-22-20

Created by Emmi, Paula &amp; Merle

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